HAP	hospital-acquired pneumonia;
VAP	ventilator-associated pneumonia;
FiO2	fraction of inspired oxygen;
PEEP	positive end-expiratory pressure;
VAE	ventilator-associated events;
VAC	ventilator-associated conditions;
IVAC	infection-related ventilator-associated complications;
UTIs	urinary tract infections;
ICU	intensive care unit;
MRSA	methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus;
RSV	respiratory syncytial virus;
HSV	Herpes Simplex virus;
SARS-CoV-2	severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2;
COVID-19	coronavirus disease-19;
HAIs	healthcare-associated infections;
BSIs	bloodstream infections;
MDR	multidrug resistant;
MDR VAP	multidrug resistant ventilator-associated pneumonia;
ARDS	acute respiratory distress syndrome;
CPIS	clinical pulmonary infection score;
ATS	American Thoracic Society;
IDSA	Infectious Diseases Society of America;
BAL	bronchoalveolar lavage;
PSB	protected specimen brush;
CFUs	colony forming units;
CRP	C-reactive protein;
sTREM-1	soluble triggering receptor expressed on myelloid cells type 1;
MR pro-ANP	mid-regional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide;
ANP	atrial natriuretic peptide;
MR pro-ADM	mid-region fragment of pro-adrenomedullin;
PCT	procalcitonin;
Ig G	immunoglobulin G;
SDD	selective decontamination of digestive tract;
MPCR	multiplex polymerase chain reaction;
PRP	penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae;
non-ESBL	non-extended spectrum β-lactamase;
ESBL	extended spectrum β-lactamase;
BLI	β-lactamase inhibitor;
PBP	penicillin-binding protein;
XDR	extremely drug resistant;
CRE	carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales.