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. 2023 Dec 20;12(1):14. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12010014

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Activation of multiple cell signaling pathways by LMP1. LMP1-mediated signal activation promotes cell survival, proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, metabolic reprogramming, and cytokine production. LMP1 downregulates E-cadherin expression, which ultimately affects cell adhesion. As a result, LMP1 promotes six generations of “hallmarks of cancer.” Factors downregulated by LMP1 are indicated by light blue-colored boxes.