Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study population and vaccine-related side effects.
| Baseline Characteristics | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unit | All SOT Recipients | NTX + PTX Recipients |
LTX Recipients |
Healthy Controls |
|
| N | 68 | 45 | 23 | 41 | |
| Post COVID, N (%) | 8 (11.8) | 8 (17.8) | 0 (0) | 14 (34.1) | |
| Sex female, N (%) | 21 (30.9) | 15 (33.3) | 6 (26.1) | 21 (51.2) | |
| Age, N (SD) | years | 58.5 (18.6) | 58.4 (11.2) | 58.8 (28.2) | 36.7 (10.3) |
| BMI, mean (SD) | kg/m2 | 26.0 (4.0) | 26.0 (4.0) | 26.2 (4.0) | 23.6 (5.9) |
| Time since Tx, mean (SD) | 13.7 (6.5) | 13.9 (6.1) | 13.3 (7.2) | - | |
| Hb, mean (SD) | g/dL | 13.2 (2.2) | 13.0 (2.4) | 13.7 (1.6) | - |
| GFR, mean (SD) | mL/min | 52.1 (22.4) | 51.7 (24.9) | 52.9 (15.2) | - |
| GOT, mean (SD) | U/I | 23.8 (7.2) | 22.6 (6.0) | 26.3 (9.1) | - |
| GPT, mean (SD) | U/I | 22.2 (10.0) | 21.1 (9.4) | 24.8 (11.2) | - |
| Bilirubin, mean (SD) | mg/dL | 0.6 (0.3) | 0.6 (0.3) | 0.6 (0.2) | - |
| Albumin, mean (SD) | mg/dL | 4215.9 (627.4) | 4233.1 (322.1) | 4175.3 (1059.1) | - |
| Immunosuppressants, N (%) | |||||
| GC | 19 (28) | 16 (36) | 3 (13) | - | |
| CNI | 57 (84) | 37 (82) | 20 (87) | - | |
| MMF/MPA | 49 (72) | 37 (82) | 12 (52) | - | |
| AZA | 3 (4) | 3 (7) | 0 (0) | - | |
| mTOR | 6 (9) | 5 (11) | 1 (4) | - | |
| Other | 1 (1) | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | - | |
| Vaccine related side effects | |||||
| p-Value | All SOT recipients |
NTX + PTX recipients |
LTX recipients |
Healthy controls |
|
| N | <0.01 | 68 | 45 | 23 | 41 |
| Any, N (%) | <0.01 | 33 (48.5) | 20 (44.4) | 13 (56.5) | 31 (75.6) |
| Local, N (%) | 0.65 | 22 (32.4) | 14 (31.1) | 8 (34.8) | 15 (36.6) |
| Systemic, N (%) | <0.01 | 22 (32.4) | 14 (31.1) | 8 (34.8) | 27 (65.9) |
| Severity, mean | <0.01 | 0.50 | 0.47 | 0.57 | 0.07 |
SOT = solid organ transplant; NTX = kidney transplant recipient; PTX = pancreas transplant recipient; LTX = liver transplant recipient; BMI = body mass index; Tx = transplantation; Hb = hemoglobin; GFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate (CKD-EPI); GOT = glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase; GPT = glutamic-pyruvic transaminase; CNI = calcineurin inhibitor; MMF = mycophenolate mofetil; MPA = mycophenolic acid; mTOR = mammalian target of rapamycin. Severity of experienced side effects was assessed on a scale between 0 (weak) and 2 (strong). p-values indicate differences between all SOT recipients and healthy controls and are calculated using the chi-square (χ2) test. The local side effects assessed were pain and swelling at the vaccine injection site, and systemic side effects assessed were headache, fever and chills, nausea and vomiting, joint pain, and fatigue.