Table 2.
In vivo antitrypanosomal effect of the leaf extracts of Ranunculus multifidus and anemonin on parasitemia level (Log number trypanosomes/ml) of Trypanosoma congolense infected mice
| Test substance (mg/kg) | Log number trypanosomes/ml | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 0 | Day 2 | Day 4 | Day 6 | Day 8 | Day 10 | Day 12 | Day 14 | |
| 1% DMSO | 7.26 ± 0.06 | 7.74 ± 0.14 | 8.28 ± 0.07 | 8.58 ± 0.07 | 8.64 ± 0.06 | 8.70 ± 0.0 | 8.82 ± 0.07 | 8.94 ± 0.06 |
| DA 28.00 | 7.32 ± 0.07 | 2.16 ± 1.32a3 | 0.00 ± 0.00a3 | 0.00 ± 0.00a3 | 0.00 ± 0.00a3 | 0.00 ± 0.00a3 | 1.08 ± 1.08a3 | 2.16 ± 1.32a3 |
| RM-M 100 | 7.26 ± 0.06 | 6.90 ± 0.09b3,(i−k)3 | 6.6 ± 0.00a3,b3,(h–k)3 | 6.18 ± 0.20a3,b3,(h–k)3 | 4.86 ± 1.23b1,(i−k)1 | 6.30 ± 0.09a3,b3,(h–k)3 | 6.48 ± 0.07a3, b3,(i−k)3 | 6.78 ± 0.07a3,b3,(i−k)3 |
| RM-M 200 | 7.32 ± 0.07 | 6.78 ± 0.12b3,(i−k)3 | 6.48 ± 0.07a3,b3,(h–k)3 | 5.88 ± 0.20a3,b3,(h–k)3 | 4.44 ± 1.11 | 6.12 ± 0.2a3,b3,(h–k)3 | 6.42 ± 0.07a3,b3,(i−k)3 | 6.60 ± 0.00a3,b3,(i−k)3 |
| RM-M 400 | 7.26 ± 0.05 | 6.72 ± 0.07b3,(i−k)3 | 6.18 ± 0.07a3,b3,(h–k)3 | 5.52 ± 0.12a3,b3,(h–k)3 | 2.16 ± 1.32a3 | 3.24 ± 1.32a3,b3,(h–k)3 | 4.32 ± 1.08a3 | 5.40 ± 1.13a3 |
| RM-H 8.75 | 7.26 ± 0.05 | 6.72 ± 0.07b3,(i−k)3 | 6.18 ± 0.07a3,b3,(h–k)3 | 5.52 ± 0.12a3,b3,(h–k)3 | 2.16 ± 1.32a3 | 3.24 ± 1.32a3,b3,(h–k)3 | 4.32 ± 1.08a3 | 4.50 ± 1.13a3 |
| RM-H 17.50 | 7.26 ± 0.05 | 6.72 ± 0.07b3,(i−k)3 | 6.18 ± 0.07a3,b3,(h–k)3 | 5.52 ± 0.12a3,b3,(h–k)3 | 1.08 ± 1.08a3 | 3.16 ± 1.32a3,b3,(h–k)3 | 4.32 ± 1.08a3 | 4.50 ± 1.13a3 |
| RM-H 35.00 | 7.26 ± 0.06 | 5.4 ± 0.00b1,(i−k)3 | 2.16 ± 1.32a3,b3,(i−k)3 | 1.08 ± 1.08a3 | 1.08 ± 1.08a3 | 2.24 ± 1.32a3 | 4.32 ± 1.08a3 | 4.50 ± 0.00a3 |
| Anemonin 8.75 | 7.32 ± 0.07 | 2.16 ± 1.32a3 | 0.00 ± 0.00a3 | 0.00 ± 0.00a3 | 0.00 ± 0.00a3 | 0.00 ± 0.00a3 | 0.00 ± 0.00a3 | 0.00 ± 0.00a3 |
| Anemonin 17.50 | 7.38 ± 0.07 | 2.16 ± 1.32a3 | 0.00 ± 0.00a3 | 0.00 ± 0.00a3 | 0.00 ± 0.00a3 | 0.00 ± 0.00a3 | 0.00 ± 0.0a3 | 0.00 ± 0.00a3 |
| Anemonin 35.00 | 7.38 ± 0.07 | 1.08 ± 1.08a3 | 0.00 ± 0.00a3 | 0.00 ± 0.00a3 | 0.00 ± 0.00a3 | 0.00 ± 0.00a3 | 0.00 ± 0.00a3 | 0.00 ± 0.00a3 |
Data are expressed as mean ± SEM; n = 5; a: compared to 1% DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide), b: compared to DA, c: compared to RM-M 100, d: compared to RM-M 200, e: compared to RM-M 400, f: compared to RM-H 8.75, g: compared to RM-H 17.50, h: compared to RM-H 35.00, i: compared to anemonin 8.75, j: compared to anemonin 17.50, k: compared to anemonin 35.00; 1: p < 0.05, 2: p < 0.01, 3: p < 0.001; 1% DMSO: vehicle, DA: diminazene aceturate, RM-M: 80% methanol extract of R. multifidus, RM-H: hydro-distilled extract of Ranunculus multifidus