Table 9.

Tension values for each spinal ligament in the four models (N)

Model	Location	Ligament	Flexion	Extension	Left bending	Right bending	Left rotation	Right rotation
OLIF + BPS
Si-segment	L4-5	ALL	0.0	6.7	0.7	0.7	0.1	0.1
		PLL	0.0	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.0
		SSL	1.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
		ISL	5.2	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1
		LITL	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0
		RITL	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
		LF	0.3	0.1	0.5	0.5	0.2	0.2
Do-segment	L3-4	ALL	0.0	30.7	18.2	17.5	0.0	0.0
		PLL	23.8	0.0	7.2	7.4	1.9	1.9
		SSL	36.7	0.0	1.5	1.7	2.0	2.1
		ISL	181.1	0.0	12.1	12.6	17.0	14.6
		LITL	1.4	0.0	0.0	1.9	0.3	0.0
		RITL	1.4	0.0	1.9	0.0	0.0	0.3
		LF	60.8	0.0	14.4	15.0	4.2	4.2
	L4-5	ALL	0.0	6.7	0.8	0.7	0.2	0.2
		PLL	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1
		SSL	2.5	0.0	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.2
		ISL	11.4	0.0	0.8	0.8	1.5	1.4
		LITL	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0
		RITL	0.0	0.0	0.1	0	0.0	0.0
		LF	0.3	0.1	0.5	0.5	0.4	0.4
OLIF + LPS
Si-segment	L4-5	ALL	0.0	14.2	6.7	0.0	0.2	3.5
		PLL	9.3	0.0	2.3	0.0	0.1	0.0
		SSL	11.9	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.0
		ISL	60.8	0.0	2.8	0.0	1.9	0.0
		LITL	1.0	0.0	0.0	3.5	0.2	0.0
		RITL	1.0	0.0	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.2
		LF	29.8	0.0	4.8	0.0	0.3	0.0
Do-segment	L3-4	ALL	0.0	30.6	18.1	17.7	0.0	0.4
		PLL	23.6	0.0	7.1	7.1	2.0	2.2
		SSL	37.0	0.0	1.4	1.4	1.9	2.4
		ISL	182.0	0.0	11.9	10.4	16.1	16.3
		LITL	1.4	0.0	0.0	1.8	0.3	0.0
		RITL	1.3	0.0	1.8	0.0	0.0	0.3
		LF	60.4	0.0	14.2	14.5	4.1	4.8
	L4-5	ALL	0.0	14.3	6.7	0.0	0.0	3.0
		PLL	8.4	0.0	2.7	0.0	1.3	0.0
		SSL	14.9	0.0	0.6	0.0	1.8	0.0
		ISL	73.5	0.0	5.2	0.0	10.2	0.0
		LITL	1.0	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.2	0.0
		RITL	1.0	0.0	0.6	0.0	0.0	0.1
		LF	34.1	0.0	5.9	0.0	4.4	0.0

Abbreviation: ALL anterior longitudinal ligament, PLL posterior longitudinal ligament, SSL supraspinous ligament, ISL interspinous ligament, LITL left intertransverse ligament, RITL right intertransverse ligament, LF ligamentum flavum