TABLE 3.

Cytokine synthesis induced by bacterial invasion of host cells

Target cell	Cytokine(s) produced	Invading organism	Reference
Epithelial cells	IL-8	Salmonella dublin, Y. enterocolitica, Shigella dysenteriae, Listeria monocytogenes	13
	IL-8, MCP-1, GM-CSF, TNF-α	Salmonella dublin, Y. enterocolitica, Shigella dysenteriae, Listeria monocytogenes, enteroinvasive E. coli	31
Human umbilical endothelial cells	IL-1β, IL-6	S. aureus	63
Human fibroblasts	IFN-β	Shigella flexneri, enteroinvasive E. coli	26
Macrophages	IL-1β	Shigella flexneri	64