TABLE 4.

Suppression of cytokine synthesis

Organism	Process inhibiteda	Active component	Reference
Actinomyces actinomycetemcomitans	Release of IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, and IFN-γ from ConA-stimulated murine CD4+ cells	14-kDa protein	34
Escherichia coli	Expression of mRNA for IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, and IFN-γ in PMA-stimulated PBMCs	8-kDa protein	33
Yersinia enterocolitica	TNF-α release from LPS-stimulated murine macrophages	YopB	3
Brucella suis	TNF-α release from E. coli-infected macrophages	45- to 50-kDa protein	6
Vibrio cholerae	TNF-α release from rat peritoneal mast cells	Cholera toxin	35
Bacillus anthracis	TNF-α secretion by LPS-stimulated human monocytes	Anthrax edema toxin	29
Pseudomonas aeruginosa	Synthesis of IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ by PHA-stimulated human monocytes	ADP-ribosylating toxin	48
	TNF-α and IL-12 release from LPS-stimulated human monocytes	3-Oxododecanoyl-l-homoserine lactone	58
Salmonella typhimurium	Synthesis of IL-2 by murine T lymphocytes	Protein	38

^aConA, concanavalin A; PBMCs, peripheral blood mononuclear cells; PHA, phytohemagglutinin.