TABLE 2.
Serologic findings of CSU patients and controls.
| Serologic parameters, reference, mean (SD) | CSU (n = 48) | HC (n = 20) | p‐value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bloodcount | |||
| Leukocytes, 3.5–11 × 103/μL | 4.80 (0.07) | 4.86 (0.12) | 0.56 |
| Erythrocytes, 4.4–5.9 × 106/μL | 7.14 (0.25) | 7.42 (0.43) | ND |
| Platelets, 150‐440 × 103/μL | 288.21 (10.08) | 270.65 (15.11) | 0.34 |
| Inflammation | |||
| ESR, <15 mm/h | 15.04 (1.92)1 | 14.85 (2.38) | 0.95 |
| CRP, <5 mg/L | 6.43 (1.14) | 3.61 (1.13) | 0.15 |
| Renal function | |||
| Creatinine, 0.7–1.2 g/L | 0.84 (0.02) | 0.82 (0.03) | ND |
| Hepatic function | |||
| Total bilirubin, <1.2 mg/dL | 0.51 (0.06) | 0.38 (0.06) | ND |
| Direct bilirubin, <0.2 mg/dL | 0.19 (0.02) | 0.18 (0.02) | ND |
| ALT, <41 UI/L | 21.15 (1.87) | 17.85 (1.58) | ND |
| AST, <40 UI/L | 20.60 (0.91) | 19.50 (1.05) | ND |
| GGT, 10–71 UI/L | 22.77 (2.0) | 28.70 (6.9) | ND |
| ALP, 40–129 UI/L | 73.02 (2.86) | 68.60 (4.52) | ND |
| Thyroid function | |||
| TSH, 0.27–4.20 mU/L | 2.05 (0.16) | 1.54 (0.19) | 0.08 |
| fT4, 12–22 pmol/L | 15.66 (0.42) | 16.93 (0.73) | 0.12 |
| Anti‐TPO, <35 kUI/L | 54.71 (15.83) | 14.38 (1.11)5 | 0.01 |
| Allergy | |||
| IgE, 40–100 kU/L | 164.02 (28.84) | 159.35 (106.50)5 | 0.95 |
| Tryptase, <11 μg/L | 5.83 (0.33) | 5.32 (0.67) | 0.44 |
| Complement | |||
| C3, 0.9–1.8 g/L | 1.26 (0.04)1 | 1.11 (0.06) | 0.06 |
| C4, 0.1–0.4 g/L | 0.27 (0.01)1 | 0.25 (0.01)5 | 0.4 |
| C3d, <1.1 mg/dL | 0.90 (0.09)2 | 0.83 (0.14) | ND |
| C1q, 100–250 mg/L | 192.77 (5.89)3 | 172.80 (6.55) | 0.04 |
| CH50, 41–94 U/mL | 67.90 (2.63)4 | 65.18 (5.0)5 | ND |
| Auto‐immunity (Abs) | |||
| Presence of ANA, % | 26.12 | 10.55 | 0.2 |
| H. Pylori Ab,≥22 U/mL, % | 39.53 | ND | ND |
Note: Venous blood was collected from patients with CSU (n = 48) and from some of the HCs (n = 20). Mean data with standard deviations for different parameters are given. For some parameters, limited data was missing (1 n = 47; 2 n = 46; 3 n = 43; 4 n = 44; 5 n = 19). Tryptase was measured with an Immunocap Tryptase Phadia with a limit of quantification at 1 μg/L (measuring range: 1–200 μg/L). Levels below 11.4 μg/L were considered normal according to the manufacturer's cut‐off. p‐values <0.05 were considerate statistically significant (bold).
Abbreviations: Abs, antibodies; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; ALT, alanine transaminase; ANA, antinuclear antibodies; Anti‐TPO, anti‐thyroid peroxidase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; C, complement; CH50, total complement activity; CRP, C‐reactive protein; CSU, chronic spontaneous urticaria; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; fT4, free thyroxine; GGT, gamma‐glutamyl transferase; HC, Healthy Controls; H. Pylori, Helicobacter Pylori; IgE, Immunoglobulin E; NA, not applicable; ND, not determined; NS, no significance; TSH, thyroid stimulating hormone.