Table 4.

Summary of important clinical trials investigating antibody-drug conjugates and bispecific antibodies in multiple myeloma.

Antibody-drug conjugate that binds to BCMA	DREAMM-1 NCT02064387 Phase I	R/RMM at least 5 prior lines n = 73	GSK2857916 0.03–4.60 mg/kg	ORR: 60% at 3.4 mg/kg; median PFS:12 months	Common ≥grade 3 AEs: corneal events (9%), thrombocytopenia (34%)	[111, 112]
	DREAMM-2 NCT03525678 Phase II	R/RMM at least 3 prior lines n = 196	GSK2857916 2.5 mg/kg or 3.4 mg/kg	ORR: 31% at 2.5 mg/kg, 34% at 3.4 mg/kg; median PFS: 5.7 months	Common ≥grade 3 AEs: keratopathy 27% at 2.5 mg/kg, 21% at 3.4 mg/kg	[113]
Anti-CD3/BCMA bispecific antibodies	NCT02514239 Phase I	R/RMM at least 2 prior lines n = 42	AMG420 0.2–800 μg/day	ORR: 31%(overall), 70% at 400 μg/d; median PFS: not reached	Common ≥grade 3 AEs: infections (19%), peripheral polyneuropathy (5%)	[119]
	NCT03933735 Phase I	R/RMM at least 3 prior lines n = 124	ABBV-383 0.025–120 mg/3 weeks	ORR: 68% at ≥40 mg	Common AEs: CRS (57%), neutropenia (37%), anemia (29%)	[120]
	NCT03145181 Phase I	R/RMM median 6 prior lines n = 165	Teclistamab 1.5 mg/kg/week	ORR: 63% median PFS: 11.3 months	Common ≥grade 3 AEs: CRS (0.6%), neutropenia (64.2%), anemia (37.0%)	[122]
	CC-93269-MM-001 NCT03486067 Phase I	R/RMM at least 3 prior lines n = 19	CC-93269 0.15–10 mg	ORR: 83.3% at ≥6 mg	Common ≥grade 3 AEs: neutropenia (52.6%), anemia (42.1%)	[123]
	MagnetisMM-1 NCT03269136 Phase I	R/RMM median 6 prior lines n = 58	Elranatamab 80-1000 μg/kg	ORR: 70% (overall), 83% at ≥1000 μg/kg	Common ≥grade 3 AEs: lymphopenia (64%), neutropenia (60%)	[124]
Anti-CD3/GPRC5D bispecific antibodies	NCT03399799 Phase I	R/RMM heavily pretreated n = 232	Talquetamab 0.5–180 μg/kg/week or biweekly or monthly	ORR: 70% at 405 g/kg, 64% at 800 g/kg weekly	Common AEs: CRS (77% and 80%), skin-related events (67% and 70%), and dysgeusia (63% and 57%)	[130]
Anti-CD3/FCRL5 bispecific antibodies	GO39775 NCT03275103 Phase I	R/RMM heavily pretreated n = 51	BFCR4350A step dose (0.05–3.6 mg), target dose (0.15–132 mg)	ORR: 51.7% at ≥3.6/20 mg	Common ≥grade 3 AEs: lymphocyte count decreased (11.8%), CRS (2%)	[132]

BCMA B cell maturation antigen, R/RMM relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, ORR overall response rate, PFS progression-free survival, AEs adverse events, CRS cytokine-release syndrome, IV intravenous injection, SC subcutaneous injection.