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. 2016 Jun 25;6(5):321–333. doi: 10.1016/j.jfms.2003.10.002

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Epidural administration of morphine (which can be given with local anaesthetic) after induction of anaesthesia before surgery begins. This provides preemptive analgesia in addition to up to 24 h post operative pain relief. Technically more difficult than in the dog, the procedure can be performed with the cat in either lateral or sternal recumbency.

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