Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the subjects
| Characteristics | Total | Psychotic disorder | Bipolar disorder | Depressive disorder |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 707 (100.0) | 206 (29.1) | 137 (19.4) | 364 (51.5) |
| Sociodemographic characteristics | ||||
| Age (yr) | 44.3±13.6 | 46.5±15.4 | 42.3±13.8 | 43.8±12.3 |
| Sex, female | 355 (50.2) | 110 (15.6) | 77 (10.9) | 168 (23.8) |
| Marital status, married | 345 (48.8) | 138 (19.5) | 82 (11.6) | 125 (17.7) |
| Education, ≤high school | 484 (68.5) | 146 (20.7) | 80 (11.3) | 258 (36.5) |
| Annual income | ||||
| <20 million KRW | 321 (45.4) | 96 (13.6) | 53 (7.5) | 172 (24.3) |
| 20–50 million KRW | 298 (42.1) | 69 (9.8) | 58 (8.2) | 171 (24.2) |
| >50 million KRW | 87 (12.3) | 40 (5.7) | 26 (3.7) | 21 (3.0) |
| Clinical characteristics | ||||
| Hypertension | 87 (12.3) | 42 (5.9) | 15 (2.1) | 30 (4.2) |
| Diabetes | 65 (9.2) | 25 (3.5) | 9 (1.3) | 31 (4.4) |
| Dyslipidemia | 58 (8.2) | 26 (3.7) | 8 (1.1) | 24 (3.4) |
| Tobacco smoking, current | 197 (27.9) | 48 (6.8) | 36 (5.1) | 113 (16.0) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.0±3.9 | 23.5±3.5 | 24.1±4.5 | 24.2±3.9 |
| Past treatment duration | ||||
| <1 mo | 35 (5.0) | 15 (2.1) | 9 (1.3) | 11 (1.6) |
| 1–6 mo | 89 (12.6) | 38 (5.4) | 12 (1.7) | 39 (5.5) |
| 6–12 mo | 60 (8.5) | 32 (4.5) | 15 (2.1) | 13 (1.8) |
| 12–24 mo | 78 (11.0) | 33 (4.7) | 19 (2.7) | 26 (3.7) |
| 24–60 mo | 118 (16.7) | 49 (6.9) | 23 (3.3) | 46 (6.5) |
| ≥60 mo | 326 (46.1) | 38 (5.4) | 59 (8.3) | 229 (32.4) |
| Future treatment duration | ||||
| <1 mo | 74 (10.5) | 7 (1.0) | 15 (2.1) | 52 (7.4) |
| 1–6 mo | 83 (11.7) | 36 (5.1) | 16 (2.3) | 31 (4.4) |
| 6–12 mo | 69 (9.8) | 30 (4.2) | 12 (1.7) | 27 (3.8) |
| 12–24 mo | 92 (13.0) | 31 (4.4) | 16 (2.3) | 45 (6.4) |
| 24–60 mo | 112 (15.8) | 41 (5.8) | 23 (3.3) | 48 (6.8) |
| ≥60 mo | 275 (38.9) | 60 (8.5) | 54 (7.6) | 161 (22.8) |
| Drug satisfaction | ||||
| Completely dissatisfied | 19 (2.7) | 4 (0.6) | 2 (0.3) | 13 (1.8) |
| Mostly dissatisfied | 31 (4.4) | 7 (1.0) | 3 (0.4) | 21 (3.0) |
| Somewhat dissatisfied | 68 (9.6) | 24 (3.4) | 10 (1.4) | 34 (4.8) |
| Neither satisfied or dissatisfied | 141 (19.9) | 49 (6.9) | 23 (3.3) | 69 (9.8) |
| Somewhat satisfied | 195 (27.6) | 53 (7.5) | 41 (5.8) | 36 (14.3) |
| Mostly satisfied | 176 (24.9) | 52 (7.4) | 41 (5.8) | 83 (11.7) |
| Completely satisfied | 76 (10.7) | 16 (2.3) | 17 (2.4) | 43 (6.1) |
| CGI-S | ||||
| Normal | 38 (5.4) | 9 (1.3) | 20 (2.8) | 9 (1.3) |
| Borderline | 131 (18.5) | 40 (5.7) | 39 (5.5) | 52 (7.4) |
| Mild | 318 (45.0) | 115 (16.3) | 58 (8.2) | 145 (20.5) |
| Moderate | 182 (25.7) | 34 (4.8) | 16 (2.3) | 132 (18.7) |
| Severe | 35 (5.0) | 8 (1.1) | 4 (0.6) | 23 (3.3) |
| Mostly severe | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.1) |
| Extremely severe | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| CGI-I | ||||
| Much better | 52 (7.4) | 9 (1.3) | 26 (3.7) | 17 (2.4) |
| Somewhat better | 270 (38.2) | 69 (9.8) | 67 (9.5) | 134 (19.0) |
| Slightly better | 305 (43.1) | 115 (15.3) | 39 (5.5) | 151 (21.4) |
| Stayed the same | 69 (9.8) | 12 (1.7) | 3 (0.4) | 54 (7.6) |
| Slightly worse | 10 (1.4) | 1 (0.1) | 2 (0.3) | 7 (1.0) |
| Somewhat worse | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Much worse | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Insight* | ||||
| 1 | 76 (10.7) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.1) | 75 (10.6) |
| 2 | 120 (17.0) | 10 (1.4) | 13 (1.8) | 97 (13.7) |
| 3 | 235 (33.2) | 116 (16.4) | 39 (5.5) | 80 (11.3) |
| 4 | 141 (19.9) | 44 (6.2) | 32 (4.5) | 65 (0.2) |
| 5 | 125 (17.7) | 33 (4.7) | 48 (6.8) | 44 (6.2) |
| 6 | 9 (1.3) | 3 (0.4) | 3 (0.4) | 3 (0.4) |
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%). Numbers are less than group total because of missing data.
level of insight: 1, complete denial of illness; 2, slight awareness of being sick and needing help, but denying at the same time; 3, aware of being sick but blaming it on others, or external factors like physical illness; 4, awareness that illness is caused by something unknown; 5, intellectual insight: awareness that there is a mental illness without applying this knowledge to future experiences; 6, emotional insight: emotional awareness into the feelings and illness and ability to modify behavior accordingly. CGI-S, Clinical Global Impression-Severity; CGI-I, Clinical Global Impression-Improvement