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. 2024 Jan 15;14:1286771. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1286771

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Copyright © 2024 Lin, Ke, Chen, Yang, Huang and Wu

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Image dates image showed the operation procedure of biliary stenting with iodine-125 seed strand placed in the obstructed segment of the bile duct. Imaging under donor-specific antibody (DSA) showed a bile duct tumor thrombus and a filling defect inside the bile duct (black arrow) (A); DSA imaging showed biliary stenting were placed in the obstructed segment from the hilar region to the distal common bile (black arrow). Subsequently bile duct drainage restored to open and the bile duct filling defect is disappeared (B). DSA Imaging showed iodine-125 radioactive seed strips were placed through the PTCD tube (black arrow) (C); After the total serum bilirubin decreased to normal and the liver function of the patient recovered, HAIC was conducted (black arrow) (D). HAIC, hepatic artery infusion; PTCD, percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage.