Table 4:

Assessing CMM as a Life Course Intervention

Life course criteria	CMM Evidence Base
1. Developmentally focused	• Strong evidence that CMM promotes positive development in mentors, and core developmental processes in youth by connecting them with caring, trusted adults and opportunities for growth. • Varied evidence regarding the development appropriateness of curriculums.
2. Longitudinally focused	• Strong evidence for the model’s impact in promoting mentor’s resilience and well-being long-term. • Limited evidence for the model’s long-term impact for youth beyond recidivism.
3. Strategically timed	• Some evidence that CMM is targeted to key turning points (e.g. individuals identified as high-risk, or re-entering the community) but no evidence on CMM in facilities, which may be a critical transition. • CMM redefines “turning points” with strong evidence of transformative shifts for those who are often considered “past change,” and at varying points in individual’s trajectories.
4. Multi-level and holistic	• Strong evidence that CMM helps youth and mentors navigate complex environments, meeting a wide range of needs, and matching social context. • Limited evidence on whether CMM specifically is more holistic compared to other types of interventions.
5. Strengths based	• Strong evidence that CMM leverages mentor and community strengths. • Limited evidence that programs matched individualized needs and strengths.
6. Health Optimization Focused	• Strong evidence that CMM helps optimize positive life trajectories for mentors. • Some evidence that CMM promotes health and well-being for youth, but most indicators focused on problem-oriented outcomes.
7. Health Equity Focused	• Strong evidence that CMM serves and is led by those who often face the greatest health disparities, including people of color, people with histories of carceral system involvement, and people experiencing poverty and community violence.
8. Family centered	• Strong evidence that CMM fosters a sense of family, community, and belonging amongst mentors in particular, and youth in some programs. • Some evidence that CMM engages young people’s larger support networks.
9. Anti-Racist	• Some evidence for CMM explicitly addressing racism in health trajectories. • Strong evidence for CMM promoting meaningful change in communities of color. • Model explicitly seeks to lift up people of color and people with experiences of structural racism and institutional violence as leaders.
10. Horizontally, Vertically, And Longitudinally Integrated	• Some evidence for effective collaborations between CMM and other stakeholders to promote multi-dimensional change across institutions and contexts.
11. Collaboratively Codesigned	• Strong evidence for community leadership and support for CMM.
12. Addresses Emerging Health Development Capabilities	• Strong evidence for CMM promoting mentors’ capabilities and supporting their continued development and transitions through adulthood. • Some evidence for CMM promoting changes in youth thinking and behavior, achieving goals, and connecting to opportunities that may promote their later success and adaptability.