Fig. 5. Testicular markers of inflammation in experimental rats. (A) IL-6: interleukin-6, (B) IL-1β: interleukin-1β, (C) TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α, (D) NF-_KB: nuclear factor kappa B, (E) C. reactive protein, (F) IL-10: interleukin-10. Various letters were referred to statistical differences among groups at level (p < 0.05). (C): Control group, (Pb): Lead acetate group, (Pb + Vitamin E): Lead acetate + 100 mg/kg.b.w of Vitamin E group, (Pb + KAF): Pb + 50 mg/kg.b.w. of kaempferol group, and (Pb + KAF + Vitamin E): Pb + 50 mg/kg.b.w. of kaempferol + 100 mg/kg.b.w. of vitamin E group.