Table 4.
Social network correlates of ART adherence, among non-isolates, stratified by study site (Mbarara, Uganda vs. Gugulethu, South Africa).
| Uganda | South Africa | |
|---|---|---|
| Measures of social support | ||
| Network size and tie characteristics | ||
| Out-degree | 0.27 | 0.19 |
| (0.31) | (0.53) | |
| Family ties | 0.18 | 1.21 |
| (0.26) | (0.72) | |
| Friendship ties | 0.05 | −2.20** |
| (0.27) | (0.66) | |
| Ties to whom HIV serostatus has been disclosed | −0.03 | 0.21 |
| (0.19) | (0.64) | |
| Same-gender ties | 0.50 | −0.54 |
| (0.33) | (0.62) | |
| Ties to PLWH | 0.15 | 0.54 |
| (0.16) | (0.53) | |
| Ties to HIV on ART | −0.13 | −1.16 |
| (0.68) | (1.62) | |
| Partnered | 1.27 | 2.47 |
| (2.60) | (4.83) | |
| Tie strength | ||
| Trust in ties | 0.03 | 0.40 |
| (0.73) | (1.10) | |
| Emotional support | ||
| Ties providing sufficient emotional support | 0.22 | 0.71 |
| (0.30) | (0.88) | |
| Instrumental support | ||
| Ties providing sufficient instrumental support | 0.17 | 0.33 |
| (0.21) | (0.91) | |
| Network structure | ||
| Density | −0.07 | 0.09 |
| (0.06) | (0.08) | |
| Transitivity | −0.07 | 0.09 |
| (0.06) | (0.08) | |
| Measures of social influence | ||
| Percentage of family ties | −0.004 | 0.11 |
| (0.05) | (0.09) | |
| Percentage of friendship ties | −0.01 | −0.24** |
| (0.05) | (0.08) | |
| Percentage of ties to whom HIV serostatus has been disclosed | −0.02 | 0.03 |
| (0.04) | (0.06) | |
| Percentage of same-gender ties | 0.13* | −0.20 |
| (0.06) | (0.11) | |
| Percentage of ties to PLWH | 0.01 | 0.08 |
| (0.03) | (0.07) | |
| Percentage of ties to PLWH on ART | −0.01 | −0.08 |
| (0.04) | (0.10) | |
| Constraint | −0.19 | −0.10 |
| (0.16) | (0.13) | |
| Betweenness | 5.42 | −6.78 |
| (5.64) | (17.80) | |
Note: Table displays estimated regression coefficients (with bootstrapped standard errors in parentheses) from 42 separate generalized linear regression models fitted to the subsample of non-isolates, stratified by study site, specifying ART adherence as a continuous outcome variable. Each row represents the estimated regression coefficient for the specified network measure, adjusted for the following covariates: sex, age, number of biological children, education, literacy, regular income, employment, exchange of money for sex, structural barrier score, severe food insecurity, perceived negative attitudes towards HIV, disclosure concerns, disclosure of serostatus to anyone aside from healthcare provider, disclosure of serostatus to anyone outside of household, necessity of ART, medical mistrust, conspiracy score, clinic satisfaction, use of medications other than ART, physical well-being, mental well-being, probable depression, cigarette use, and research assistant fixed effects. The estimated coefficient can be interpreted in terms of the percentage point difference in adherence associated with the covariate. ART, antiretroviral therapy; E-I, external-internal; PLWH, people living with HIV. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.