Fig. 1. Action of ANGPTL3 in lipoprotein metabolism. ANGPTL3 inhibits 1) lipoprotein lipase and 2) endothelial lipase. It may also 3) inhibit the liver uptake of LDL particles and 4) stimulate release of VLDL particles from the liver. Inhibition of ANGPTL3 reduces triglycerides from chylomicron and VLDL remnants, reduces HDL-C, and in the absence of functioning LDL receptors, remnant particles and LDL can be taken up by the liver via an endothelial lipase-dependent mechanism.

ANGPTL3, angiopoietin-like protein 3; CM, chylomicron; CMR, chylomicron remnant; EL, endothelial lipase; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; IDL, intermediate-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; LDLR, low-density lipoprotein receptor; LPL, lipoprotein lipase; VLDL, very low-density lipoprotein.