Table 2.
Paclitaxel isolated from endophytes of different host plant species
| Plant Species | Plant parts | Extraction solvents | Methods of detection | Endophytic fungi | Country | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Taxus chinensis var. mairei | Twig, old inner bark | Methylene chloride | LCMS, HPLC, CIEIA | Didymostilbe sp. | China | [160] |
| Taxus chinensis var. mairei | Bark | Dichloromethane | ESI–MS, HPLC | Aspergillus aculeatinus | China | [145] |
| Taxus baccata L | Wood | LC–MS, HPLC, EIA | Alternaria sp. | Italy | [161] | |
| Taxus baccata L | Twigs | Dichloromethane | HPLC, LC–MS/MS | Paraconiothyrium variabile | U.K | [162] |
| Taxus baccata L | Yeast extract | Yeast extract | HPLC | Cladosporium sp. | Iran | [163] |
| Taxus baccata L. subsp. Wallichiana (Zucc.) | Bark | Methanol | HPLC–MS | Fusarium redolens | India | [164] |
| Taxus brevifolia Nutt | Inner bark | Dichloromethane | HPLC, MS, TLC | Taxomyces andreanae | Northern Montana | [165] |
| Taxus celebica (Warb.) H.L. Li | Stem | Methylene chloride | LC–ESI–MS, TLC, HPLC | Fusarium solani | UK | [166] |
| Taxus chinensis Roxb | Bark | Ethyl acetate | LC–MS, ESI–MS, HPLC | Metarhizium anisopliae | China | [167] |
| Taxus chinensis Roxb | Bark | Ethyl acetate | HPLC | Fusarium solani | China | [168] |
| Taxus chinensis Roxb | Bark | Dichloromethane | LC–MS, ELISA | Mucor rouxianus DA10 | China | [169] |
| Taxus cuspidate Sieb. & Zucc | Leaves | Dichloromethane | LC–MS, NMR HPLC, UV, IR | Phomopsis sp. | South Korea | [170] |
| Taxus cuspidate Sieb. & Zucc | Inner bark | Ethyl acetate, Methanol | LC–MS | Aspergillus niger | China | [171] |
| Taxus cuspidate Sieb. & Zucc | Inner bark | Chloroform/methanol | TLC, NMR, RP-HPLC | Fusarium arthrosporioides | Korea | [172] |
| Taxus mairei (Lemée & H.Lév.) | Bark | Diethyl sulfate Chloroform, methanol | MS, CIEIA, HPLC | Fusarium maire | China | [173] |
| Taxus mairei (Lemée & H.Lév.) | Inner bark | Chloroform/methanol | MS, HPLC, UV, TLC | Tubercularia sp. | China | [174] |
| Taxus × media Rehder | Bark, needles | Ethyl acetate | HPLC–MS | Guignardia mangiferae | China | [175] |
| Taxus × media Rehder | Inner bark | Chloroform, methanol | NMR, HPLC | Cladosporium cladosporioides | Canada | [176] |
| Taxus × media Rehder | Bark | Chloroform/methanol | LC–MS | Aspergillus terreus | Canada | [177] |
| Taxus wallichiana Zucc | Inner bark | Methylene chloride | NMR, MS | Pestalotiopsis microspora | India | [178] |
| Taxus wallichiana Zucc | Stem | Methylene chloride | LC–MS, TLC | Sporormia minima | Nepal | [179] |
| Aegle marmelos Correa ex Roxb | Leaves | Methylene chloride | HPLC, TLC, UV | Bartalinia robillardoides | India | [180] |
| Taxus wallichiana var. mairei | Bark | Chloroform, methanol | ESI–MS/MS, HPLC | Phoma medicaginis | China | [181] |
| Calotropis gigantea (L.) R. Br | Leaves | Dichloromethane | HPLC, FTIR | Phoma sp. | India | [182] |
| Capsicum annuum L | Fruit | Dichloromethane | HPLC | Colletotrichum capsici | [170] | |
| Cardiospermum halicacabum L | Leaves | Methylene chloride | HPLC | Pestalotiopsis pauciseta | [180] | |
| Citrus medica L | Leaves | Dichloromethane | HPLC, NMR | Phyllosticta citricarpa | India | [146] |
| Corchorus olitorius L | Leaf, flower, seed, stem, root | Ethyl acetate | FTIR, LC–ESI MS/MS, TLC, HPLC | Grammothele lineata | Bangladesh | [183] |
| Cupressus sp. | Needles | Dichloromethane | UV, IR, TLC, HPLC | Phyllosticta spinarum | India | [146] |
| Ginkgo biloba L | Leaves | Dichloromethane | UV, IR, HPLC, | Phomopsis sp. | South Korea | [170] |
| Hibiscus rosasinensis L | Leaves | Dichloromethane | HPLC | Phyllosticta dioscoreae | India | [184] |
| Justicia gendarussa Burm. f | Leaves | Methylene chloride | HPLC | Colletotrichum gloeosporioides | India | [185] |
| Larix leptolepis L | Leaves | Dichloromethane | HPLC, LC–MS, NMR, UV, IR | Phomopsis sp. | South Korea | [170] |
| Michelia champaca L | Needles | Dichloromethane | HPLC, UV | Chaetomium sp. | India | [186] |
| Moringa oleifera Lam | Leaves | Dichloromethane | LC–MS, IR, NMR, UV, HPLC | Cladosporium oxysporum | India | [152] |
| Morinda citrifolia L | Leaves | Dichloromethane | HPLC, NMR, UV, IR, FAB-MS | Lasiodiplodia theobromae | India | [148] |
| Plantago major L | Leaves | Ethyl acetate extract | LC–MS, UV | Nigrospora sphaerica | India | [187] |
| Colletotrichum gloesporioides | ||||||
| Alternaria alternata | ||||||
| Glomerella cingulate | ||||||
| Salacia oblonga Wall | Bark | Genomic mining | Armilaria sp. | India | [188] | |
| Phoma sp. | ||||||
| Fusarium sp. | ||||||
| Alternaria spp. Pho Coriolopsis | ||||||
| caperata., mopsis sp. | ||||||
| Lasiodiplodia theobromae | ||||||
| Trichoderma longibrachiatum | ||||||
| Botryosphaeria rhodina Aspergillus terreus | ||||||
| Rhizophora annamalayana | Leaves | Ethyl acetate | TLC, IR, HPLC | Fusarium oxysporum | India | [189] |
| Plectranthus Amboinicus (Lour.) | Leaves | Dichloromethane | TLC, UV | Pestalotiopsis microspora | India | [149] |
| Tarenna asiatica (L.) | Leaves | Dichloromethane | LC–MS, FTIR, UV–Vis, TLC | Aspergillus oryzae | India | [154] |
| Taxodium distichum (L.) | Bark | Dichloromethane | HPLC, TLC, UV | Aspergillus fumigatus | Egypt | [151] |
| Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) | Bark | Dichloromethane | HPLC, TLC, UV | Alternaria tenuissima | Egypt | [151] |
| Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) | Needles | Ethyl acetate | FTIR, LC–ESI–MS, HPLC, UV | Alternaria brassicicola | India | [190] |
| Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) | Leaves | Methylene chloride | FAB-MS, NMR, UV, IR | Chaetomella raphigera | India | [17, 191] |
| Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) | Leaves | Methylene chloride | UV, TLC, HPLC | Pestalotiopsis terminaliae | India | (Venkatraman Gangadevi & Johnpaul Muthumary, 2009b) |
| Wrightia tinctoria (Roxb.) | Leaves | Dichloromethane | HPLC | Phyllosticta tabernaemontanae | India | [146] |
| Torreya grandifolia Raf | Inner bark | Methylene chloride | UV, TLC, EIA | Periconia sp. | China | [192] |