Table 2.

Associations of bile acid metabolite pathways and imaging outcomes

	Outcome	Primary Bile Acid		Secondary Bile Acid
		NESa	p-value	NESa	p-value
Magnetic resonance imaging Volumes (%per year)	Cerebral White Matter	1.6	0.047	0.8	0.67
	Cortical Gray Matter	0.8	0.77	−0.9	0.55
	Subcortical Gray Matter	1.7	0.01	0.64	0.91
	Thalamus	2	5E-04	1.3	0.18
	Putamen	1.3	0.19	−0.82	0.72
	Pallidum	1.8	0.01	0.86	0.83
	Caudate	1.5	0.09	−1.2	0.2
	Whole Brain	1.7	0.01	0.8	0.7
	T2 lesion	−1.3	0.17	2.2	3E-04
Optical coherence tomography thicknesses (μm per year)	pRNFL	0.8	0.72	0.8	0.67
	GCIPL	1	0.41	1.1	0.3
	INL	0.7	0.8	1.0	0.47
	ONL	1.7	0.002	1.3	0.12

GCIPL = ganglion cell and inner plexiform layer, INL = inner nuclear layer, NES = normalized enrichment score,

ONL = outer nuclear layer, pRNFL = peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer

^aNES - positive enrichment scores indicate a positive association with the outcome, while negative NES suggests a negative association.