Table 5.

Changes in bile acid levels over time (change per 16 weeks)

Bile Acid	Placebo N = 20		TUDCA N = 23		Difference
	Coefficienta (95% CI)	p-valueb	Coefficienta (95% CI)	p-valueb	Coefficienta (95% CI)	p-valueb
Chenodeoxycholic Acid	0.48 (−0.13 to 1.09)	0.12	0.44 (−0.14 to 1.02)	0.13	0 (−0.86 to 0.87)	1.00
Cholic Acid	0.58 (−0.21 to 1.38)	0.15	−0.4 (−1.04 to 0.23)	0.21	−0.88 (−2.04 to 0.28)	0.13
Deoxycholic Acid	0.46 (0.13 to 0.8)	0.01	0.14 (−0.21 to 0.48)	0.42	−0.3 (−0.8 to 0.2)	0.23
Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid	−0.09 (−0.63 to 0.44)	0.72	0.3 (−0.14 to 0.74)	0.18	0.36 (−0.29 to 1)	0.28
Glycocholic Acid	−0.32 (−0.88 to 0.24)	0.26	−0.02 (−0.46 to 0.42)	0.93	0.24 (−0.41 to 0.9)	0.46
Glycodeoxycholic Acid	0.14 (−0.36 to 0.63)	0.58	0.1 (−0.36 to 0.56)	0.66	−0.04 (−0.68 to 0.61)	0.91
Glycolithocholic Acid	0.35 (−0.01 to 0.71)	0.06	0.9 (0.33 to 1.47)	0.003	0.65 (−0.07 to 1.36)	0.08
Glycoursodeoxycholic Acid	0.14 (−0.35 to 0.64)	0.56	2.3 (1.32 to 3.29)	2.78E-05	2.21 (0.93 to 3.49)	9.78E-04
Lithocholic Acid	0.2 (−0.12 to 0.51)	0.22	0.75 (0.28 to 1.22)	0.002	0.6 (−0.03 to 1.23)	0.06
Taurochenodeoxycholic Acid	−0.04 (−0.64 to 0.57)	0.91	0.05 (−0.49 to 0.59)	0.86	0.03 (−0.73 to 0.79)	0.94
Taurocholic Acid	−0.26 (−0.83 to 0.3)	0.35	−0.23 (−0.74 to 0.28)	0.36	−0.01 (−0.73 to 0.72)	0.98
Taurodeoxycholic Acid	0.1 (−0.45 to 0.65)	0.73	−0.31 (−0.87 to 0.25)	0.26	−0.47 (−1.38 to 0.44)	0.30
Taurolithocholic Acid	0.14 (−0.13 to 0.42)	0.30	0.15 (−0.19 to 0.5)	0.37	−0.02 (−0.52 to 0.47)	0.92
Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid	−0.22 (−0.52 to 0.07)	0.13	2.52 (1.3 to 3.73)	1.51E-04	2.61 (1.25 to 3.97)	2.62E-04
Ursodeoxycholic Acid	0.37 (−0.03 to 0.78)	0.07	1.89 (0.76 to 3.02)	0.001	1.41 (0.09 to 2.74)	0.04

^aBeta coefficient interpretation: change in log(bile acid) rate of change for TUDCA group compared to placebo group

^bp-values are derived from linear mixed-effects models (random slope and intercept) including time, treatment group and their interaction.