TABLE 1.
Baselines characteristics of participants, weighted.
| Characteristic | Non-stone formers (n = 26,520) |
Stone formers (n = 2,760) |
P-value |
| Age (years) | 46.56 (46.10, 47.03) | 53.15 (52.51, 53.78) | <0.0001 |
| Serum cholesterol (mg/dl) | 194.10 (193.10, 195.10) | 192.36 (189.87, 194.85) | 0.1493 |
| Serum glucose (mg/dl) | 98.72 (98.14, 99.31) | 106.04 (104.37, 107.72) | <0.0001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.84 (28.67, 29.01) | 30.50 (30.17, 30.83) | <0.0001 |
| Serum triglycerides (mg/dl) | 150.60 (147.98, 153.22) | 172.92 (162.02, 183.82) | 0.0001 |
| Serum uric acid (mg/dl) | 5.39 (5.36, 5.41) | 5.59 (5.52, 5.65) | <0.0001 |
| WWI index | 10.95 (10.92, 10.97) | 11.25 (11.21, 11.30) | <0.0001 |
| Serum calcium (mg/dl) | 9.39 (9.38, 9.41) | 9.37 (9.34, 9.40) | 0.0621 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.87 (0.87, 0.88) | 0.93 (0.91, 0.94) | <0.0001 |
| Gender (%) | <0.0001 | ||
| Male | 47.75 (47.05, 48.45) | 55.43 (52.74, 58.09) | |
| Female | 52.25 (51.55, 52.95) | 44.57 (41.91, 47.26) | |
| Race (%) | <0.0001 | ||
| Mexican American | 14.98 (13.09, 17.10) | 11.32 (9.36, 13.63) | |
| White | 65.66 (62.79, 68.43) | 76.91 (73.78, 79.77) | |
| Black | 11.15 (9.77, 12.69) | 5.68 (4.69, 6.86) | |
| Other race | 8.20 (7.36, 9.14) | 6.09 (4.89, 7.56) | |
| Education level (%) | 0.1076 | ||
| Less than high school | 20.41 (18.98, 21.91) | 19.82 (17.89, 21.90) | |
| High school | 28.65 (27.47, 29.86) | 31.39 (28.58, 34.33) | |
| More than high school | 50.94 (49.07, 52.81) | 48.79 (45.64, 51.95) | |
| Marital status (%) | <0.0001 | ||
| Cohabitation | 63.38 (62.10, 64.65) | 69.43 (66.85, 71.90) | |
| Solitude | 36.62 (35.35, 37.90) | 30.57 (28.10, 33.15) | |
| Alcohol (%) | 0.7312 | ||
| Yes | 61.16 (59.69, 62.62) | 60.03 (56.97, 63.02) | |
| No | 18.49 (17.44, 19.60) | 19.26 (17.06, 21.67) | |
| Unclear | 20.34 (19.24, 21.49) | 20.71 (18.02, 23.67) | |
| High blood pressure (%) | <0.0001 | ||
| Yes | 29.67 (28.67, 30.69) | 46.26 (43.35, 49.19) | |
| No | 70.33 (69.31, 71.33) | 53.74 (50.81, 56.65) | |
| Diabetes (%) | <0.0001 | ||
| Yes | 8.50 (8.03, 9.01) | 17.50 (15.76, 19.38) | |
| No | 91.50 (90.99, 91.97) | 82.50 (80.62, 84.24) | |
| Smoked (%) | <0.0001 | ||
| Yes | 43.59 (42.37, 44.82) | 49.46 (46.60, 52.32) | |
| No | 56.41 (55.18, 57.63) | 50.54 (47.68, 53.40) | |
| Physical activity (%) | 0.0059 | ||
| Never | 26.02 (25.04, 27.03) | 29.73 (27.51, 32.06) | |
| Moderate | 31.95 (30.97, 32.95) | 31.39 (29.10, 33.78) | |
| Vigorous | 42.03 (40.91, 43.15) | 38.87 (36.15, 41.67) | |
| Asthma (%) | 0.0041 | ||
| Yes | 14.49 (13.81, 15.20) | 17.25 (15.43, 19.23) | |
| No | 85.51 (84.80, 86.19) | 82.75 (80.77, 84.57) | |
| Coronary artery disease (%) | <0.0001 | ||
| Yes | 3.07 (2.70, 3.49) | 6.27 (5.19, 7.55) | |
| No | 96.93 (96.51, 97.30) | 93.73 (92.45, 94.81) | |
| Cancers (%) | <0.0001 | ||
| Yes | 9.33 (8.85, 9.83) | 15.78 (14.24, 17.45) | |
| No | 90.67 (90.17, 91.15) | 84.22 (82.55, 85.76) | |
| PIR (%) | 0.117 | ||
| <1.3 | 20.13 (18.89, 21.43) | 18.07 (16.32, 19.96) | |
| ≥1.3<3.5 | 32.50 (31.25, 33.77) | 35.03 (32.44, 37.70) | |
| ≥3.5 | 40.04 (38.17, 41.94) | 40.02 (36.73, 43.40) | |
| Unclear | 7.34 (6.70, 8.03) | 6.89 (5.63, 8.39) | |
| Total sugar (%) | 0.9867 | ||
| Lower | 36.47 (35.61, 37.34) | 36.70 (33.90, 39.59) | |
| Higher | 37.21 (36.25, 38.18) | 37.14 (34.21, 40.17) | |
| Unclear | 26.32 (25.51, 27.15) | 26.16 (23.86, 28.60) | |
| Total Kcal (%) | 0.2319 | ||
| Lower | 39.07 (38.25, 39.90) | 40.23 (38.01, 42.50) | |
| Higher | 46.05 (45.06, 47.04) | 46.47 (43.76, 49.20) | |
| Unclear | 14.88 (14.08, 15.70) | 13.30 (11.57, 15.24) | |
| Total water (%) | 0.0413 | ||
| Lower | 38.86 (37.95, 39.79) | 37.20 (34.68, 39.80) | |
| Higher | 46.26 (45.32, 47.20) | 49.50 (46.68, 52.32) | |
| Unclear | 14.88 (14.08, 15.70) | 13.30 (11.57, 15.24) | |
| Total fat (%) | 0.0413 | ||
| Lower | 38.86 (37.95, 39.79) | 37.20 (34.68, 39.80) | |
| Higher | 46.26 (45.32, 47.20) | 49.50 (46.68, 52.32) | |
| Unclear | 14.88 (14.08, 15.70) | 13.30 (11.57, 15.24) |
For continuous variables: survey-weighted mean (95% CI), P-value was by survey-weighted linear regression (svyglm).
For categorical variables: survey-weighted percentage (95% CI), P-value was by survey-weighted Chi-square test (svytable).