Table 1.

Characteristics of the study population based on the differential diagnosis

	Total (N = 209)	AD (N = 91)	MCI (N = 92)	CTL (N = 26)	p
Demographic data
Age	74 [70;78]	76 [72;80]	73 [69; 77]	66 [60;74]	< 0.001
Sex (female)	54.3% (114)	59.3% (54)	51.1% (47)	50% (13)	0.437
Education					0.074
Illiterate	8% (14)	7.2% (6)	6.5% (6)	20.0% (2)
Primary	68.5% (120)	78.0% (65)	59.0% (49)	60.0% (6)
Secondary	17.7% (31)	12.0% (10)	23.1% (19)	20.0% (2)
University	5.7% (10)	2.4% (2)	9.7% (8)	0% (0)
Comorbidities
Depression	33.9% (71)	30.7% (28)	42.3% (39)	15.3% (4)	0.029
Hypertension	56.4% (118)	57.1% (52)	60.8% (56)	38.4% (10)	0.138
Stroke	3.8% (8)	5.4% (5)	2.1% (2)	3.8% (1)	0.496
Diabetes mellitus	20.5% (43)	19.7% (18)	21.7% (20)	19.2% (5)	0.945
Dyslipidemia	40.1% (84)	47.2% (43)	33.6% (31)	38.4% (10)	0.154
Complete blood count
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	13.7 (1.72)	13.9 (1.46)	13.5 (1.62)	13.1 (3.45)	0.158
Hematocrit (%)	41.5 (5.07)	42.4 (4.35)	41.0 (5.02)	40 (9.15)	0.093
WBC (× 109/L)	7.1 [5.9;8.5]	6.9 [5.8;7.9]	7.6 [6.3;10.0]	6.7 [5.7;10.4]	0.073
Platelet (× 109/L)	224 [195;264]	222 [195;254]	216 [187;282]	265 [218;282]	0.399
CSF AD biomarkers
Aβ42 (pg/mL)	551 [420;729]	493 [395;583]	595 [435;864]	1029 [634;1331]	< 0.001
Ttau (pg/mL)	400 [248;601]	494 [357;705]	334 [229;542]	247 [139;313]	< 0.001
Ptau (pg/mL)	67.35 [48;92]	81 [54; 98]	63 [44;87]	45 [30;63]	< 0.001
MMSE score	25 [23;28]	23 [22;25]	27 [25;28]	30 [28;30]	< 0.001
APOE ɛ4	43.4% (86)	51.6% (47)	40.2% (37)	7.7% (2)	0.003

AD Alzheimer’s disease, MCI mild cognitive impairment, CTL control, MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination, Aβ42 amyloid beta 1–42, Ttau total tau, Ptau phosphorylated tau, APOE ɛ4 apolipoprotein E ɛ4 allele, P values were calculated by comparing diagnostic groups using one-way ANOVA (or nonparametric Kruskal‒Wallis test) for quantitative variables and chi-square test for qualitative variables