Table 1.
Patient characteristics by primary vaccination status
| Variable | Unvaccinated | Vaccinated | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 193 | 215 | |
| Age (years) | 62.5 ± 16 | 70.2 ± 14 | < 0.0001 |
| Male | 107 (55.4%) | 120 (55.8%) | 1.00 |
| Medical history | |||
| Hypertension | 114 (59.1%) | 177 (82.3%) | < 0.0001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 48 (24.9%) | 81 (37.7%) | 0.006 |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 52 (26.9%) | 76 (35.3%) | 0.07 |
| Myocardial infarction/heart failure | 32 (16.6%) | 38 (17.7%) | 0.794 |
| Stroke | 16 (8.3%) | 18 (8.4%) | 1.00 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 19 (9.8%) | 36 (16.7%) | 0.043 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 19 (9.8%) | 33 (15.3%) | 0.104 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 26 (13.5%) | 56 (26%) | 0.002 |
| Dementia | 11 (5.7%) | 19 (8.8%) | 0.258 |
| Past history of malignancy | 4 (2.1%) | 18 (8.4%) | 0.007 |
| Currently active malignancy | 16 (8.3%) | 45 (20.9%) | < 0.0001 |
| Measures at admission | |||
| Pulmonary involvement | 170 (88.1%) | 163 (75.8%) | 0.002 |
| White blood cell count (G/l) | 8.9 ± 8.8 | 9.7 ± 8.2 | 0.343 |
| Neutrophils (%) | 76.1 ± 12.6 | 77.4 ± 13.9 | 0.329 |
| Lymphocytes (%) | 16.2 ± 11.4 | 14.5 ± 10.6 | 0.117 |
| Procalcitonin (ng/ml) | 1.4 ± 8.3 | 1.6 ± 7.2 | 0.75 |
| C-reactive protein (mg/l) | 93.5 ± 79.4 | 102.2 ± 77.8 | 0.267 |
| Serum creatinine (µmol/l) | 132.3 ± 156 | 157 ± 162.3 | 0.12 |
| Serum albumin (g/l) | 32 ± 5 | 30.8 ± 5.6 | 0.04 |
| Outcome | |||
| Death | 50 (25.9%) | 60 (27.9%) | 0.657 |
Mean ± SD or n (%) as appropriate
p values are given for independent sample t-tests for continuous and for chi-squared tests for categorical variables