Fig. 1.

Characterization of all-nucleic acid-based DNA hydrogel. (a) Photograph of hydrogel/DNA hydrogel. (b) SEM representative images of DNA hydrogel. (c) The degradation of DNA hydrogel. (d) Modulus vs. Stress of DNA Hydrogel. (e) Modulus vs. Frequency of DNA Hydrogel. (f) Viscoelasticity vs. Shear Rate of DNA Hydrogel. (g) Schematic diagram of DNA framework nucleic acid synthesis. (h) Agarose gel electrophoresis for Apt02@tFNA identification. (i) TEM representative images of Apt02@tFNA. (j) Modulus vs. Stress of PCL scaffold. (k) Modulus vs. Frequency of PCL scaffold. (l) Schematic diagram of Apt02@tFNA synthesis. (m) SEM representative image of different DNA hydrogel composite scaffold. (n) Water droplets and (o) contact angles on the material.