Table 3.
Urinary pharmacokinetic parameters of anthocyanins following administration of red grape juice and red wine. (Rmax= maximal observed excretion rate; Ae (0–7) = total amount of excreted anthocyanins; Xe (0–7) = percentage of excreted dose.)
| Anthocyanin | Rmax (μg/h) | tmax, R (h)a | Ae (0-7) (μg) | Xe (0-7) (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Red grape juice | Cya-3-glu | 1.26 (75.8) | 0.5 (0.5–1.5) | 2.88 (72.1) | 0.09 |
| Del-3-gluc | 39.6 (91.1) | 0.5 (0.5–1.5) | 101.9 (72.5) | 0.20 | |
| Mal-3-gluc | 86.7 (126) | 0.5 (0.5–1.5) | 236.3 (95.7) | 0.18 | |
| Peo-3-gluc | 86.0 (79.1) | 0.5 (0.5–1.5) | 240.5 (65.8) | 0.29 | |
| Pet-3-gluc | 20.2 (45.8) | 0.5 (0.5–1.5) | 53.4 (31.1) | 0.32 | |
| Total anthocyanins | 241.4 (82.3) | 0.5 (0.5-1.5) | 653.6 (66.6) | 0.23 | |
| Red wine | Cya-3-gluc | 0.66 (117) | 2.5 (1.5–4.5) | 1.45 (67.3) | 0.06 |
| Del-3-gluc | 14.9 (51.5) | 0.5 (0.5–1.5) | 47.7 (26.9) | 0.12 | |
| Mal-3-gluc | 60.2 (33.4) | 1.5 (1.5–2.5) | 206.8 (31.7) | 0.11 | |
| Peo-3-gluc | 44.1 (43.7) | 0.5 (0.5–1.5) | 151.5 (31.5) | 0.84 | |
| Pet-3-gluc | 20.5 (52.5) | 1.5 (1.5–1.5) | 66.4 (47.5) | 0.18 | |
| Total anthocyanins | 137.6 (29.2) | 1.5 (1.5–2.5) | 491.0 (19.8) | 0.18 | |
aMedian (range).
Data are geometric means (with geometric coefficients of variation (%) in parentheses).