Table I.

Reported antitumor effects of capsaicin in animal models.

	Capsaicin treatment
Animal model	Dose	Regime	Results
BALB/cJ and BALB/cJ nu/nu mice injected with CT26 tumor cells	100-200 µg	Intratumoral on days 5, 10 and 15	Reduced tumor growth
BNX nu/nu male mice injected with PC-3 cells	5 mg/kg	Gavage 3 days per week for 4 weeks	Reduced tumor growth
Athymic nude mice injected with PC-3 cells	5 mg/kg	Subcutaneous injection every two days for 14 days	Reduced tumor growth and induced apoptosis
Female athymic nude mice injected subcutaneously with AsPC-1 tumor	2.5 mg/kg	Five times a week	Reduced tumor growth without adverse effects
cells	5 mg/kg	Three times a week
Male athymic nu/nu mice injected with U266 cells	1 mg/kg	Twice a week for 3 weeks	Reduced tumor growth
Male athymic nude mice injected subcutaneously with T24 cells	5 mg/kg	Subcutaneous injection every 3 days for 4 weeks	Reduced tumor growth
Female triple deficient beige/nude/xid mice injected with MDA-MB231 cells	5 mg/kg	Oral gavage 3 days per week for 4 weeks	Reduced tumor growth by 50%
Male nude mice injected subcutaneously with H69 cells	10 mg/kg	Solid diet until tumors of control group reached 2,000 mm3	Reduced tumor growth
Female BALB/c athymic nude mice injected subcutaneously with Colo 205 cells	1 or 3 mg/kg	Intraperitoneal injection once daily for 4 weeks	Reduced tumor growth
Female athymic nude mice injected subcutaneously with AsPC-1 tumor cells	2.5 mg/kg	Orally fed 5 days a week for 6 weeks	Reduced superoxide dismutase activity in tumors by 60%, while increasing the ratio of oxidized to reduced glutathione
Male BALB/c (nu/nu) athymic nude mice injected subcutaneously with PANC-1 cells	5 mg/kg	Gavage 3 days per week for 4 weeks	Reduced tumor growth