Table 1.
Clinical and Demographic Information for HVs and Patients With OCD
| OCD (n = 31), Mean ± SD | HV (n = 29), Mean ± SD | Statistic | p | Cohen’s d or ηp2 | 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Years | 30.79 ± 9.99 | 32.48 ± 13.00 | t58 = −0.56 | .57 | d = −0.14 | −7.69 to 4.29 |
| Sex, Female | 55% | 48% | χ21 = 0.25 | .61 | d = −0.06 (Phi) | 0.034 to 0.097 |
| Education, Years | 15.35 ± 2.85 | 17.31 ± 2.73 | t58 = −2.7 | .009 | d = −0.69 | −3.40 to −0.50 |
| Verbal IQ | 110.21 ± 6.13 | 113.15 ± 7.89 | t58 = −1.62 | .11 | d = −0.41 | −6.58 to 0.69 |
| MADRS | 17.65 ± 11.01 | 5.24 ± 3.72 | t37.2 = 5.92 | <.001 | d = 1.48 | 8.15 to 16.64 |
| STAI-State | 37.65 ± 9.12 | 27.96 ± 6.79 | t58 = 4.63 | <.001 | d = 1.19 | 5.50 to 13.85 |
| STAI-Trait | 56.55 ± 11.03 | 37.72 ± 10.49 | t58 = 6.76 | <.001 | d = 1.74 | 13.25 to 24.39 |
| YBOCS Total | 22.94 ± 5.90 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| YBOCS Obsessions | 11.45 ± 3.21 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| YBOCS Compulsions | 11.52 ± 2.97 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| OCI Total | 63.32 ± 30.37 | 6.38 ± 5.78 | U = 893 | <.001 | ηp2 = 0.74 | 45.00 to 66.00 |
| OCI Washing | 10.48 ± 9.86 | 1.03 ± 1.40 | U = 764 | <.001 | ηp2 = 0.38 | 2.00 to 11.00 |
| OCI Checking | 13.06 ± 8.28 | 1.27 ± 1.46 | U = 837 | <.001 | ηp2 = 0.57 | 9.00 to 14.00 |
| OCI Doubting | 6.26 ± 3.56 | 0.24 ± 0.63 | U = 844 | <.001 | ηp2 = 0.64 | 4.00 to 9.00 |
| OCI Ordering | 7.29 ± 5.24 | 1.34 ± 1.49 | U = 806 | <.001 | ηp2 = 0.49 | 3.00 to 7.00 |
| OCI Obsessions | 14.42 ± 8.11 | 0.76 ± 1.21 | U = 865 | <.001 | ηp2 = 0.67 | 11.00 to 16.00 |
| OCI Hoarding | 3.16 ± 2.86 | 0.96 ± 1.74 | U = 669 | <.001 | ηp2 = 0.19 | 1.00 to 3.00 |
| OCI Neutralization | 8.65 ± 5.77 | 0.76 ± 0.95 | U = 847 | <.001 | ηp2 = 0.61 | 4.00 to 10.00 |
| IUS | 84.61 ± 22.85 | 54.38 ± 17.23 | t58 = 5.75 | <.001 | d = 1.48 | 19.71 to 40.75 |
| HTQ Compulsivity | 23.87 ± 4.21 | 13.82 ± 5.51 | t58 = 7.96 | <.001 | d = 2.05 | 7.51 to 12.56 |
For the healthy group, 1 participant did not provide OCI data (n = 28 for HV OCI data). For the OCD group, all data were complete. Two-sided tests were used for age, sex, education, and verbal IQ. The rest of the variables were tested using a one-sided test. χ2 test is used for categorical data; Phi is a measure of effect size for the χ2 test; ηp2 is a measure of effect size for the U test; and U refers to Mann-Whitney U test for non-normally distributed data.
HTQ, Habitual Tendencies Questionnaire; HV, healthy volunteer; IUS, Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale; MADRS, Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale; NA, not applicable; OCD, obsessive-compulsive disorder; OCI, Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory; STAI, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; YBOCS, Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale.