Figure 3.

Object memory after CLP with and without corticosterone treatment. In an object recognition test in which both training and testing sessions occurred after recovery, CLP decreased total object exploration during training (A) but not testing (B). (C) Novel object fraction represents the proportion of total exploration time spent with the novel object. All groups demonstrated object memory based on one-sample t tests. There was a significant effect of corticosterone to decrease the novel object fraction toward the chance value, suggesting that corticosterone treatment impaired later object memory formation independent of CLP (sham: n = 40, CLP: n = 32). Statistical analysis by three-way analysis of variance for (A) and (B). Statistical analysis by both one-sample t tests and three-way analyses of variance for (C). ∗p < .05, ∗∗∗p < .001. Error bars show standard error of the mean. CLP, cecal ligation and puncture.