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. 2023 Nov 11;19(1):729–731. doi: 10.1016/j.jds.2023.10.017

Table 1.

Several tooth relics from different locations purported to be the Buddha tooth relics.

Country Place Temple, pagoda or museum Yingua
A. Unanimously recognized Buddha tooth relics
1 Sri Lanka Kandy Temple of the Tooth
2 China Beijing Lingguang Temple
B. Claimed Buddha tooth relics
3 Taiwan Kaohsiung Buddha Memorial Center of the Fo Guang Shan Monastery
4 Japan Kamakura Engaku Temple
5 Sri Lanka Polonnaruwa Somawathiya Chaitya
6 Singapore Chinatown Buddha Tooth Relic Temple and Museum
7 USA Rosemead, California Lu Mountain Temple
8 India Nagarjunakonda Museum on the island situated in the Nagarjunasagar Lake
9 South Korea Goseong County, Gangwon-do Geonbongsa Temple
10 Myanmar Mingun Mingun stupa in the custody of Master VenKondanna
11 Myanmar Mingun Mingun Pahtodawgyi (an enormous unfinished pagoda)
12 Malaysia Kelantan Lotus Temple
13 Cambodia Siem Reap Province Angkor Wat Wishing Hall
14 China Wenshang County, Jining City, Shandong Province Baoxiang Temple
15 China Wutai County, Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province Buddha relic tower of Mount Wutai Lower third molar of cow
16 China Dangyang City, Hubei Province Yuquan Temple
17 China Ying County, Shanxi Province Wooden Buddha Pagoda of Fogong Temple Wood carving and horse tooth fossil
18 China Fuzhou City, Fujian Province Yongquan Temple of Kushan
19 China Songyang County, Lishui City, Zhejiang Province Yanqing Temple
20 China Gu’an County, Hebei Province Baoyan Temple
21 China Dengzhou City, Henan Province Buddha Pagoda of Fusheng Temple
22 China Zhengzhou City, Henan Province Fawang Temple of Mount Song
23 China Songjiang District, Shanghai Buddha Pagoda of Fangta Park Fossilized ivory
24 China Luliang City, Shanxi Province Anguo Temple
25 China Zhengding County, Hebei Province Lingxiao Wooden Buddha Pagoda of Tianning Temple
26 China Ji County, Tianjin Dingguang Buddhist Pagoda
27 China Shenyang City, Liaoning Province Liaobin Buddha Pagoda
28 China Lianshui Town, Huai’an City, Jiangsu Province Miaotong Buddha Pagoda of Nengren Temple
29 China Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province Tianchi Buddha Pagoda of Mount Lu
C. Claimed tooth relics of the Saint other than the Buddha
30 China Emeishan City, Leshan City, Sichuan Province Wannian Temple of Mount Emei (Ancient tooth relic) Maxilla of stegodon
31 China Tongzhou District, Beijing Dipankara Buddha Pogoda of Youshengjiao Temple
32 China Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province Ashoka Pogoda of Haiqing Temple Third maxillary tooth fossil of horse
a

The so-called shadow bones are relative to the real bones of the Buddha. Shadow means innuendo and imitation, and shadow bone is the bone of imitation.