Table C.1.

Provider price responses to reference pricing: exposure to CalPERS and consumer demand shifts.

	Arthroscopy		Cataract		Colonoscopy
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)
	ASC	HOPD	ASC	HOPD	ASC	HOPD
Post × ln(CalPERS exposure) × ΔHOPD	−0.106	−0.0303	0.0234	0.0782	−0.253***	0.0135
	(0.0873)	(0.0504)	(0.0362)	(0.0546)	(0.0768)	(0.0630)
Post × ΔHOPD	0.0836	−0.0171	−0.0491	−0.112	0.186***	0.0117
	(0.0625)	(0.0511)	(0.0760)	(0.0865)	(0.0407)	(0.0669)
Post × ln(CalPERS exposure)	−0.0376	−0.0147	−0.0628	0.00992	−0.104***	−0.0181
	(0.0363)	(0.0245)	(0.0395)	(0.0255)	(0.0225)	(0.0215)
2010	0.0152	0.0844***	0.0141	0.0891***	0.0235***	0.0744***
	(0.0126)	(0.00881)	(0.0129)	(0.00866)	(0.00719)	(0.0100)
2011	0.111***	0.152***	0.0421*	0.159***	0.0579***	0.140***
	(0.0176)	(0.0106)	(0.0244)	(0.0107)	(0.0108)	(0.0125)
2012	0.165***	0.228***	0.102***	0.190***	0.190***	0.232***
	(0.0373)	(0.0311)	(0.0371)	(0.0305)	(0.0264)	(0.0220)
2013	0.203***	0.271***	0.150**	0.249***	0.228***	0.252***
	(0.0343)	(0.0319)	(0.0636)	(0.0338)	(0.0274)	(0.0267)
Observations	46,696	21,880	20,065	5845	224,469	86,586
Number of providers	325	246	239	158	414	275
Number of markets	108	108	110	79	117	114
Adjusted R2	0.259	0.212	0.185	0.284	0.259	0.177
Mean price	4409	7893	1882	6560	1067	2772

This table presents the results from Eq. (13) and estimates provider price responses to the CalPERS reference pricing program based on both the market-level exposure to CalPERS and the market-level change in market shares between HOPDs and ASCs. The odd-numbered columns restrict the sample to ASC providers and the even-numbered columns restrict the sample to HOPD providers. The dependent variable inall columns is ln(price_ijtk) and each regression is estimated using OLS. Controls for month, patient age, gender, Charlson comorbidity score, indicators for 17 chronic conditions, and patient HRR fixed effects are included but not reported. Robust standard errors clustered at the Hospital Service Area level are in parentheses.

^***p < 0.01.

^**p < 0.05.

^*p < 0.1.