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. 2024 Jan 31;15:925. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-45231-0

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — a Photomicrographs of EBOV-inoculated bats (images are representative of one experimental group and 3 independent animals). Tissues of E02 and E03, sampled at 5 dpi, stained with haematoxylin and eosin (HE) and IHC targeting EBOV VP40. Lung of bat E02 is shown stained with H&E and corresponding section with IHC. Spleen and liver sections of bat E03 are shown stained with H&E and IHC. Focal necrosis of the liver is shown by H&E staining, and co-localized EBOV antigen by IHC. Black arrows in spleen indicate islands of large histiocytic cells, physiologically found in this bat species. Scale bars, 100 μm. b–d EBOV dissemination and associated pathology in AFBs. b Heatmap representation of EBOV distribution in organs available for histology of bats E02 and E03, measured by RNA copies/g tissue (q-RT-PCR). c Abundance of EBOV antigen shown as a score of IHC staining intensity within cells (IHC). d Virus-associated pathology score (VAPS), defined by the severity of the cellular pathological changes directly associated with virus presence (co-localization with IHC). Unavailable organs are depicted in grey. Tongue is shown as a triangle above the trachea. Tonsil (shown as a triangle inside “tongue”), thymus and bone marrow were available only for bat E03 for IHC and VAPS. Lymph nodes (shown as ovals) were mesenteric (histology) and cervical (q-RT-PCR). Mesenteric adipose tissue from the abdominal cavity is shown as a rectangular background surrounding the abdominal organs. Min-max normalization of IHC and VAPS scores are shown as percentage. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.