Table 3.

Characteristics of menstrual cycle, related hormones, and body composition described in endometriosis and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) (15) as well as in hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Dash (–) indicates that evidence is missing or inconclusive.

	Endometriosis	PCOS	Hyperthyroidism	Hypothyroidism
Menstrual cycle
Menarche	Earlier	Later	Later	Earlier
Menopause	Earlier	Later	−	−
Menstrual cycle length	Shorter	Longer	Longer	Longer
Hormone levels
LH	Decreased	Increased	Increased	Unaltered
FSH	Increased	Decreased	Increased	Unaltered
Estradiol	Increased	Unaltered	Increased	Decreased
Testosterone	Decreased	Increased	Increased	Decreased
Body composition
Waist-to-hip ratio	Decreased	Increased	Decreased	Increased
Body mass index	Decreased	Increased	Decreased	Increased
Muscle mass	Decreased	Increased	Decreased	Increased

FSH, follicle-stimulating hormone; LH, luteinizing hormone.