Table 2.
Descriptive Data and ANOVA analysis: determinants of child overweight.
| Variables | BMIZ |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%)/Mean ± SD | Mean | SD | P value | |
| Total sample | 4429 (100 %) | |||
| Child characteristics | ||||
| Children's age | 2.91 ± 1.65 | 0 | ||
| 0 | 467 (10.54) | 2.64 | 1.39 | |
| 1 | 582 (13.14) | 0.38 | 1.48 | |
| 2 | 724 (16.5) | 0.42 | 1.43 | |
| 3 | 742 (16.75) | 0.32 | 1.3 | |
| 4 | 929 (20.98) | 0.3 | 1.34 | |
| 5 | 985 (22.24) | 0.12 | 1.25 | |
| Children's Gender | 0.022 | |||
| Boys | 2427 (54.80) | 0.58 | 1.56 | |
| Girls | 2002 (45.20) | 0.48 | 1.51 | |
| Children's nationality | 0.576 | |||
| Han | 3771 (85.14) | 0.54 | 1.52 | |
| Minority | 658 (14.86) | 0.51 | 1.63 | |
| Health insurance | 0.041 | |||
| No | 2691 (60.75) | 0.58 | 1.56 | |
| Yes | 1738 (39.25) | 0.48 | 1.5 | |
| 3-day Calories consumption | 1115.2 ± 470.44 | 0.54 | 1.54 | 0 |
| 3-day Protein intake | 34.70 ± 14.82 | 0.54 | 1.54 | 0 |
| 3-day Fat intake | 35.12 ± 20.79 | 0.54 | 1.54 | 0 |
| Parents' characteristics | ||||
| Maternal height | 157 ± 5.57 | 0 | ||
| ≥157 | 2234 (50.44) | 0.66 | 1.6 | |
| <157 | 2200 (49.56) | 0.41 | 1.47 | |
| Paternal height | 168 ± 6.17 | 0.004 | ||
| >=168 | 2208 (49.85) | 0.6 | 1.59 | |
| <168 | 2221 (50.15) | 0.47 | 1.48 | |
| Maternal BMI | 21.95 ± 2.94 | 0 | ||
| 18.5<BMI<24 | 3138 (70.85) | 0.53 | 1.51 | |
| BMI ≥ 24 | 913 (20.61) | 0.72 | 1.55 | |
| BMI ≤ 18.5 | 378 (8.53) | 0.17 | 1.64 | |
| Paternal BMI | 22.34 ± 3.01 | 0.001 | ||
| 18.5< BMI <24 | 3070 (69.32) | 0.49 | 1.5 | |
| BMI≥24 | 1107 (24.99) | 0.69 | 1.59 | |
| BMI≤18.5 | 252 (5.69) | 0.47 | 1.7 | |
| Maternal education level | 0.001 | |||
| Non-educated | 591 (13.34) | 0.47 | 1.47 | |
| Primary | 965 (21.79) | 0.48 | 1.55 | |
| Low middle school | 1848 (41.72) | 0.53 | 1.54 | |
| Upper middle school | 505 (11.40) | 0.49 | 1.54 | |
| Vocational | 251 (5.67) | 0.76 | 1.65 | |
| College and above | 269 (6.07) | 0.87 | 1.52 | |
| Maternal average working days per week | 5.67 ± 0.86 | 0.54 | 1.54 | 0.5822 |
| Maternal employment | 0 | |||
| Non-worked | 900 (20.32) | 0.8 | 1.67 | |
| Worked | 3529 (79.68) | 0.47 | 1.5 | |
| Paternal education level | 0.0175 | |||
| Non-educated | 211 (4.76) | 0.55 | 1.57 | |
| Primary | 724 (16.35) | 0.39 | 1.53 | |
| Low middle school | 2141 (48.34) | 0.53 | 1.56 | |
| Upper middle school | 768 (17.34) | 0.57 | 1.45 | |
| Vocational | 276 (6.23) | 0.68 | 1.55 | |
| College and above | 309 (6.98) | 0.72 | 1.59 | |
| Paternal average working days per week | 5.24 ± 1.73 | 0.54 | 1.54 | 0.0914 |
| Paternal employment | 0.0068 | |||
| Non-worked | 310 (7) | 0.77 | 1.64 | |
| Worked | 4119 (93) | 0.52 | 1.53 | |
| Father's smoking | 0.861 | |||
| Yes | 2662 (60.10) | 0.49 | 1.49 | |
| No | 1767 (39.90) | 0.61 | 1.6 | |
| Father's drinking | 0.035 | |||
| Yes | 2942 (66.43) | 0.5 | 1.52 | |
| No | 1487 (33.57) | 0.61 | 1.57 | |
| Father's health insurance | 0.044 | |||
| Yes | 1944 (43.89) | 0.59 | 1.59 | |
| No | 2485 (56.11) | 0.5 | 1.49 | |
| Mother's health insurance | 0.008 | |||
| Yes | 2662 (60.10) | 0.49 | 1.49 | |
| No | 1767 (39.90) | 0.61 | 1.6 | |
| Household characteristics | ||||
| Household per capita income | 0.001 | |||
| Lowest | 892 (20.14) | 0.56 | 1.51 | |
| Lower | 887 (20.03) | 0.51 | 1.46 | |
| Medium | 892 (20.14) | 0.48 | 1.49 | |
| Higher | 885 (19.98) | 0.42 | 1.59 | |
| Highest | 873 (19.71) | 0.72 | 1.63 | |
| Household asset index | 0.74 ± 0.35 | 0.54 | 1.54 | 0.0005 |
| Community characteristics | ||||
| Region | 0 | |||
| East coastal area | 962 (21.69) | 0.78 | 1.5 | |
| Central area | 1439 (32.44) | 0.59 | 1.51 | |
| West area | 1424 (32.1) | 0.29 | 1.53 | |
| North-east area | 611 (13.77) | 0.63 | 1.6 | |
| Area | 0.891 | |||
| Urban | 1204 (27.18) | 0.54 | 1.5 | |
| Rural | 3225 (72.82) | 0.54 | 1.55 | |
| Urbanization index | 0.106 | |||
| Lowest | 899 (20.30) | 0.5 | 1.48 | |
| Lower | 887 (20.03) | 0.47 | 1.52 | |
| Medium | 878 (19.82) | 0.59 | 1.59 | |
| Higher | 882 (19.91) | 0.5 | 1.53 | |
| Highest | 883 (19.94) | 0.64 | 1.57 | |
Note: The data above is from CHNS. The results above are summarized by STATA.