Table 4.
Health Care Costs for the Medicare Coverage and 1-Year Medicare Coverage Subgroups During the 1-Year Period Following the Index Date, Overall and by Treatment Categories
| PPPM Health Care Costsa, Mean (SD) Median [25th-75th Percentile] |
Overall | By Treatment Receivedb |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| In-Center Hemodialysis | Peritoneal | Other or Mixed Dialysisc | Kidney Transplant | ||
| Medicare Coverage subgroup, N | 6,340 | 3,958 | 1,026 | 803 | 553 |
| Total health care costs | 6,752 (7,272) 5,181 [3,847-7,596] |
7,428 (8,211) 5,548 [4,137-8,176] |
4,538 (3,871) 3,903 [3,139-5,010] |
6,918 (5,785) 5,595 [4,186-7,792] |
5,778 (5,842) 5,181 [3,173-7,675] |
| Pharmacy | 356 (1,511) 112 [0-303] |
372 (1,349) 118 [0-317] |
227 (649) 87 [0-235] |
403 (2,806) 96 [0-269] |
418 (948) 157 [0-482] |
| Medical | 6,395 (7,047) 4,869 [3,682-7,158] |
7,056 (8,032) 5,214 [3,942-7,727] |
4,310 (3,781) 3,722 [2,995-4,744] |
6,515 (5,026) 5,298 [3,966-7,415] |
5,360 (5,688) 4,770 [2,945-7,040] |
| Inpatient | 2,674 (6,767) 727 [11-3,000] |
3,014 (7,813) 787 [45-3,096] |
1,053 (3,546) 0 [0-899] |
2,536 (4,638) 936 [52-3,116] |
3,449 (5,222) 2,869 [2,113-4,013] |
| Outpatient | 2,372 (1,777) 2,517 [681-3,695] |
2,488 (1,820) 2,651 [755-3,816] |
2,259 (1,564) 2,780 [515-3,524] |
2,754 (1,740) 3,155 [1,060-3,891] |
1,198 (1,357) 779 [423-1,581] |
| ER | 49 (235) 16 [0-53] |
63 (294) 23 [0-68] |
20 (42) 0 [0-24] |
41 (69) 21 [0-55] |
17 (37) 0 [0-18] |
| HHA | 119 (313) 0 [0-88] |
111 (328) 0 [0-66] |
63 (221) 0 [0-24] |
74 (186) 0 [0-66] |
349 (386) 229 [22-544] |
| Hospice | 6 (129) 0 [0-0] |
9 (143) 0 [0-0] |
6 (155) 0 [0-0] |
1 (10) 0 [0-0] |
0 (0) 0 [0-0] |
| SNF | 70 (414) 0 [0-0] |
101 (500) 0 [0-0] |
7 (110) 0 [0-0] |
41 (306) 0 [0-0] |
1 (19) 0 [0-0] |
| Otherd | 1,104 (1,333) 397 [176-2,220] |
1,270 (1,446) 500 [228-2,516] |
903 (1,055) 291 [126-1,811] |
1,067 (1,172) 430 [207-2,059] |
345 (691) 27 [0-285] |
| 1-Year Medicare Coverage subgroup, N | 5,575 | 3,319 | 978 | 733 | 545 |
| Total health care costs | 5,699 (3,697) 4,933 [3,766-6,891] |
6,050 (3,715) 5,183 [4,011-7,154] |
4,214 (2,418) 3,883 [3,139-4,865] |
6,207 (4,420) 5,423 [4,088-7,306] |
5,539 (3,741) 5,169 [3,257-7,601] |
| Pharmacy | 353 (1,419) 124 [0-312] |
369 (1,129) 139 [0-333] |
215 (471) 90 [0-239] |
410 (2,925) 96 [0-275] |
423 (954) 162 [0-490] |
| Medical | 5,346 (3,319) 4,636 [3,587-6,427] |
5,681 (3,458) 4,869 [3,812-6,680] |
4,000 (2,307) 3,704 [2,998-4,632] |
5,797 (3,236) 5,109 [3,940-7,036] |
5,115 (3,464) 4,750 [2,950-6,974] |
| Inpatient | 1,680 (2,774) 437 [0-2,436] |
1,666 (2,893) 454 [24-2,093] |
736 (1,915) 0 [0-766] |
1,878 (2,835) 757 [41-2,687] |
3,191 (2,545) 2,867 [2,182-3,977] |
| Outpatient | 2,415 (1,735) 2,657 [721-3,714] |
2,579 (1,764) 2,864 [854-3,897] |
2,256 (1,553) 2,780 [521-3,521] |
2,784 (1,685) 3,202 [1,138-3,930] |
1,206 (1,362) 3,202 [1,138-3,930] |
| ER | 32 (58) 13 [0-41] |
38 (64) 17 [0-50] |
18 (37) 0 [0-23] |
35 (57) 18 [0-46] |
17 (36) 0 [0-18] |
| HHA | 112 (283) 0 [0-87] |
99 (285) 0 [0-61] |
62 (214) 0 [0-25] |
62 (145) 0 [0-55] |
353 (387) 235 [23-549] |
| Hospice | 2 (93) 0 [0-0] |
2 (85) 0 [0-0] |
5 (158) 0 [0-0] |
0 (0) 0 [0-0] |
0 (0) 0 [0-0] |
| SNF | 41 (255) 0 [0-0] |
63 (315) 0 [0-0] |
7 (111) 0 [0-0] |
17 (155) 0 [0-0] |
1 (15) 0 [0-0] |
| Otherd | 1,063 (1,238) 358 [168-2,185] |
1,233 (1,324) 442 [224-2,525] |
915 (1,064) 292 [132-1,835] |
1,021 (1,148) 401 [205-1,988] |
347 (694) 29 [0-287] |
Abbreviations: ER, emergency room; HHA, home health agency; PPPM, per patient per month; SD, standard deviation; SNF, skilled nursing facility.
Health care costs were evaluated during the 12-month period immediately following the index date, or until death. All health care costs were inflated to 2020 US dollars and presented on a PPPM basis to account for varying follow-up times.
Patients were categorized into mutually exclusive groups based on the treatment modality received during the 12 months following the index date.
Other or mixed dialysis includes home hemodialysis, uncertain dialysis, or multiple types of dialysis during the follow-up period.
Other medical services include claims in which the place of service is not inpatient, outpatient, ER, HHA, hospice, or SNF. This includes but is not limited to kidney failure treatment facilities, assisted living facilities, community mental health centers, inpatient psychiatric facilities, independent care, ambulatory surgical centers, nursing facilities, state or local public health clinics, and urgent care facilities.