TABLE 1.

Chemical form of the fortificant and target fortification levels of the multiple micronutrient-fortified bouillon cubes¹

Fortificant	Target micronutrient concentration per gram bouillon 2
	“Upper-level”	“Lower-level”	Control
Vitamin A (retinyl palmitate)	200 μg RE	96 μg RE	---
Folic acid	80 μg	28.8 μg	---
Vitamin B12	1.2 μg	0.288 μg	---
Iron (FePP/CA/TSC)3	4 mg	1.3 mg	---
Zinc (ZnO)	3 mg	1.68 mg	---
Iodine (KIO3)	30 μg	30 μg	30 μg

¹FePP, iron pyrophosphate; CA, citric acid; TSC, trisodium citrate; RE, retinol equivalent.

²Target micronutrient concentrations do not include overage values to account for micronutrient loss during storage and cooking. Overage values were selected based on industry experience.

³FePP has low bioavailability relative to other iron salts [17]; enhancers (i.e., citric acid/trisodium citrate) were added to the micronutrient premix included in the bouillon in an attempt to compensate for this reduced bioavailability [18].