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Location and description of fractures by type (modified from Bandara et al. 2019).
| Location | Definition |
|---|---|
| Dens | Fracture of the dens (tooth-like process that projects from the cranial aspect of the centrum of the axis (C2) to articulate with the atlas (C1)). |
| Crushed vertebral bodies | Multiple fractures of a vertebra that cannot be classified as a fragment, articular process, or dens fracture |
