Table 2.
Psychological Well-being and Caring Intensity by Location of Care Provision
| Variables | (1) | (2) |
|---|---|---|
| Coresidence | Extraresidence | |
| β (95% CI) | β (95% CI) | |
| 0–4 hr | 0.146 | −0.132*** |
| (−0.008 to 0.299) | (−0.196 to 0.069) | |
| 5–9 hr | 0.262** | 0.102* |
| (0.092 to 0.433) | (0.013 to 0.191) | |
| 10–19 hr | 0.398*** | 0.294*** |
| (0.228 to 0.568) | (0.174 to 0.415) | |
| 20–34 hr | 0.617*** | 0.541*** |
| (0.425 to 0.809) | (0.349 to 0.734) | |
| 35–49 hr | 0.528*** | 0.573*** |
| (0.284 to 0.772) | (0.252 to 0.895) | |
| 50+ hr | 0.949*** | 0.841*** |
| (0.805 to 1.094) | (0.434 to 1.249) | |
| Degree | 0.605*** | 0.551*** |
| (0.469 to 0.742) | (0.420 to 0.683) | |
| Age | 0.013 | 0.003 |
| (−0.042 to 0.068) | (−0.049 to 0.056) | |
| Married | 0.088* | 0.056 |
| (0.008 to 0.167) | (−0.019 to 0.131) | |
| Widowed | 1.243*** | 1.146*** |
| (0.970 to 1.516) | (0.909 to 1.384) | |
| Disabled | 0.901*** | 0.870*** |
| (0.847 to 0.956) | (0.819 to 0.922) | |
| Income | 0.063 | 0.071 |
| (−0.023 to 0.149) | (−0.011 to 0.153) | |
| Income square | −0.004 | −0.004 |
| (−0.011 to 0.004) | (−0.011 to 0.004) | |
| House ownership | −0.036 | −0.016 |
| (−0.114 to 0.043) | (−0.092 to 0.060) | |
| Household size | 0.038** | 0.043*** |
| (0.014 to 0.062) | (0.020 to 0.066) | |
| Work | −0.868*** | −0.894*** |
| (−0.931 to −0.805) | (−0.955 to −0.833) | |
| Retired | −1.368*** | −1.458*** |
| (−1.461 to −1.275) | (−1.546 to −1.370) | |
| Constant | 9.874*** | 10.147*** |
| (8.286 to 11.462) | (8.610 to 11.683) | |
| Observation | 360,204 | 389,013 |
| Number of individuals | 75,705 | 77,707 |
Notes: A fixed-effects model is applied. 95% confidence interval is given in parentheses. Year dummies are included in all models, but their coefficients are not reported, for brevity.
***p < .001.
**p < .01.
*p < .05.