Table 3.
Characteristics of human studies
| Study (year) | Study approach | Total no. of patients | No. of patients treated | Sex | Age (years) | Disease | HIV status | Mycobacterium species | Treatment status | In vitro BDQ MIC (mg/L) | Treatment regimen (n) | BDQ dose | Duration of treatment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alexander et al. (2017)62 | Case series | 7 | 1 | N/R | 54 | NB + C | M. intracellulare | Pre On |
0.004 0.008 | BDQ + EMB + RFB + STR (1) | 200 mg (thrice weekly) | >6 months | |
| 1 | N/R | 60 | N | Pre On |
0.004 0.003 | BDQ + ATM + EMB + RFB + STR (1) | |||||||
| 1 | N/R | 68 | FN + C | Pre On |
0.004 0.008 | BDQ + AMK + EMB + RFB (1) | |||||||
| 1 | N/R | 71 | NB + C | Pre On |
0.004 0.015 | BDQ + AMK + ATM + EMB + STR (1) | |||||||
| 1 | N/R | 58 | N | Pre On |
0.004 2.00 | BDQ + EMB + RFB + STR (1) | |||||||
| 1 | N/R | 66 | NB + C | Pre On |
0.008 0.008 | BDQ + AMK + EMB + RFB (1) | |||||||
| 1 | N/R | 64 | FN + C | Pre | 0.004 | BDQ + CLR + EMB + RFB + STR (1) | |||||||
| Chan et al. (2021)63 | Case study | 1 | 1 | F | 4 | Mycobacterial calcaneal osteomyelitis | No | M. abscessus | BDQ + CLF (1) | 100 mg (thrice weekly) | 8 months | ||
| Erber et al. (2020)64 | Case study | 1 | 1 | F | 20 | Severe soft-tissue infection | No | M. fortuitum complex | Pre | 0.015 | BDQ + LVX (1) | 400 mg (orally once daily for 14 days) | 3.5 month |
| Gil et al. (2021)65 | Case series | 2 | 1 | M | 54 | Disseminated NTM infection, presumed secondary to faecal abdominal cavity contamination | Yes | M. abscessus | Pre | <0.063 | BDQ + CLF + ATM + LZD (1) | 400 mg/day (for 2 weeks, followed by 200 mg thrice monthly) | 21 months |
| 1 | M | 30 | Pyrexia, pancytopenia and lymphadenopathy | Yes | M. avium | BDQ + TDZ + CLF (1) | 400 mg/day (for 2 weeks, followed by 200 mg thrice weekly) | 14 months | |||||
| Meybeck et al. (2021)66 | Case study | 1 | 1 | F | 54 | Cutaneous and subcutaneous nodules, mediastinal lymph nodes with left pulmonary infiltrate. | Yes | M. marinum | BDQ + MFX (1) | 400 mg/day (loading phase for 2 weeks daily followed by a continuation phase of 200 mg thrice weekly) | 12 months | ||
| Pearson et al. (2020)67 | Case series | 4 | 1 | M | 41 | Osteomyelitis and bacteraemia | No | M. abscessus | Pre | 0.12 | BDQ + OMC (1) | 300 mg/day | 24 months BDQ + OMC |
| Philley et al. (2015)11 | Case series | 10 | 1 | M | 36 | N | M. abscessus | AMK + LZD + TGC + BDQ (1) | 400 mg (four tablets of 100 mg once daily with food for the first 2 weeks followed by 200 mg as two tablets of 100 mg) | ≥6 months | |||
| 1 | M | 31 | N | M. abscessus | BDQ + ATM + AMK + TGC + MFX (1) | ≥6 months | |||||||
| 1 | F | 64 | C | M. abscessus | CLR + MFX + ATM + DOX + AMK + TGC + BDQ (1) | ≥6 months | |||||||
| 1 | F | 65 | N | M. abscessus | LZD + LVX + IPM + AMK + BDQ (1) | ≥6 months | |||||||
| 1 | Fa | 58 | N | M. avium complex (M. intracellulare) | RFB + EMB + STR + BDQ (1) | ≥6 months | |||||||
| 1 | Ma | 54 | C | M. avium complex (M. intracellulare) | STR + EMB + RFB + BDQ (1) | ≥6 months | |||||||
| 1 | Ma | 64 | FN + C | M. avium complex (M. intracellulare) | EMB + CLR + RFB + STR + BDQ (1) | ≥6 months | |||||||
| 1 | Fa | 60 | N | M. avium complex (M. intracellulare) | EMB + ATM + AMK + RFB + STR + BDQ (1) | ≥6 months | |||||||
| 1 | M | 65 | C | M. avium complex | EMB + RFB + STR + BDQ (1) | ≥6 months | |||||||
| 1 | F | 73 | C | M. avium complex | EMB + RIF + STR + BDQ (1) | ≥6 months | |||||||
| Zweijpfenning et al. (2019)68 | Case study | 1 | 1 | F | 50 | NB | M. avium | Pre | <0.003 | BDQ + CLF + EMB + CLR (1) | 400 mg/day for 2 weeks then 200 mg thrice weekly | 12 months | |
| On | 0.06 | ||||||||||||
| On | 0.06 |
M, male; F, female; NB, nodular bronchiectasis; C, cavitary; N, nodulary; FN, fibronodular; RIF, rifampicin; AMK, amikacin; BDQ, bedaquiline; CLF, clofazimine; CLR, clarithromycin; IPM, imipenem; RFP, rifapentine; RIF, rifampicin; Q203, telacebec; MFX, moxifloxacin; OMC, omadacycline; TDZ, tedizolid; EMB, ethambutol; STR, streptomycin; RFB, rifabutin; AZM, azithromycin; LZD, linezolid; LVX, levofloxacin; TGC, tigecycline; DOX, doxycycline; pre: pre-treatment; on, on treatment.
aCases reported in two studies.