Table 1.

Clinical and analytical baseline characteristics of 131 infections in 102 admissions during the pre-pandemic period and 95 infections in 74 admissions during the pandemic period.

	Pre-pandemic n = 131	Pandemic n = 95	P value
Age (y)	64 ± 14	66 ± 10	0.52
Gender M/F	88 (67.2%)/43 (32.8%)	50 (52.6%)/45 (47.4%)	0.03
Etiology, n (%)
Alcohol	58 (44.3%)	57 (60%)	0.01
Virus	20 (15.3%)	8 (8.4%)	0.18
Alcohol + virus	19 (14.5%)	14 (14.8%)	0.88
MAFLD	19 (14.5%)	8 (8.4%)	0.23
Others	15 (11.5%)	8 (8.4%)	0.60
Type 2 diabetes	56 (42.7%)	40 (42.1%)	0.92
Antibiotic prophylaxis	39 (29.8%)	19 (20%)	0.10
Beta-blockers prophylaxis	10 (53.4%)	45 (47.4%)	0.37
PPI treatment	72 (55%)	57 (60%)	0.45
Hepatocellular carcinoma	34 (26%)	16 (16.8%)	0.10
Child–Pugh pre-admission	7 ± 2	7 ± 2	0.65
MELD pre-admission	9 ± 4	12 ± 5	< 0.001
Child–Pugh at infection	9 ± 2	9 ± 2	0.30
MELD at infection	17 ± 7	17 ± 5	0.55
Sodium (mmol/L)	134 ± 6.1	136 ± 6.1	0.03
Creatinine (µmol/L)	120 ± 73.9	121 ± 95.2	0.28
Bilirubin (µmol/L)	74 ± 116	58 ± 55	0.93
Albumin (g/L)	27.7 ± 5.8	28.2 ± 5.5	0.42
INR	1.50 ± 0.5	1.6 ± 0.5	0.90
C-reactive protein (mg/L)	62.2 ± 53.4	54.4 ± 59.1	0.06
WBC (× 10^9/L)	9.67 ± 6.4	7.23 ± 4.2	0.01

Results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or n (percentage).

MAFLD: metabolic associated fatty liver disease; PPI: proton pump inhibitors; MELD: model for end-stage liver disease; WBC: white blood cells.

Statistically significant values are in bold.