Table 2.
Frequencies of social interactions reported during EMA
| SAD | HC | SAD vs. HC | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 60 N = 1,430 |
n = 663 N = 15,645 |
||||||
| N | %w | N | %w | F(df) / OR [95%CI] | p | ||
| Since the last beep | |||||||
| communication with others (in person, by phone, social media) took place | 963 | 65.91 | 10,326 | 65.40 | 0.13 (17,074) | 0.721 | |
| the most meaningful interaction partner was | |||||||
| only close | 789 | 80.65 | 8,187 | 78.60 | 1.16 (22,571.46) | 0.313 | |
| only distant | 52 | 5.77 | 503 | 5.81 | |||
| mixed/other | 122 | 13.58 | 1,636 | 15.59 | |||
| the most meaningful interaction was rated as | |||||||
| positive | 857 | 90.21 | 9835 | 95.69 | Ref | ||
| negative | 102 | 9.79 | 456 | 4.31 | 2.61 [2.07–3.29] | < 0.001 | |
| meaningful interaction partners by quality of interaction | |||||||
| positive interactions | |||||||
| only close | 718 | 82.34 | 7,905 | 79.76 | 1.86 (21,359.69) | 0.156 | |
| only distant | 41 | 5.41 | 432 | 5.29 | |||
| mixed/other | 98 | 12.25 | 1,498 | 14.95 | |||
| negative interactions | |||||||
| only close | 71 | 69.32 | 277 | 58.32 | 2.66 (1,102.09) | 0.071 | |
| only distant | 11 | 9.33 | 71 | 17.82 | |||
| mixed/other | 20 | 21.35 | 108 | 23.86 | |||
| M | SD | M | SD | ||||
| minutes real life communication | 35.89 | 54.87 | 36.12 | 48.28 | 0.02 (17,051) | 0.893 | |
| minutes online communication | 5.96 | 18.72 | 5.99 | 15.85 | 0.00 (17,051) | 0.952 | |
| number of interaction partners in real life | 2.49 | 4.78 | 3.18 | 6.43 | 23.92 (17,044) | < 0.001 | |
| number of interaction partners online | 0.90 | 2.50 | 0.97 | 2.65 | 1.23 (17,043) | 0.267 | |
All data were weighted. %w weighted percent, SAD 12-months social anxiety disorder, HC healthy control, n number of participants, N number of observations, M mean, SD standard deviation, F test statistic of Wald-test and chi square test, df degree of freedom, OR odds ratio from logistic regressions, controlled for sex and age, Ref. dummy reference; CI confidence interval, bold prints indicate statistical significance, p < 0.05. Categorization of interaction partners: only close (partner, family/relative, friend), only distant (colleague/ classmate, superior, stranger) and mixed/other (others and close and distant partners at the same time). The quality of interaction is the mean of pleasantness, intimacy and harmony and was dichotomized in positive (quality > 5) and negative interactions. The information on the occurrence of an interaction is missing for N = 3 observations in SAD and N = 70 observations in HC. The quality rating is missing for N = 4 observations in SAD and N = 35 observations in HC