Table 3.
Serum levels of biomarkersa in patients with and without Raynaud’s Phenomenon (RP).
| Patients with RP (n = 45) | Patients without RP (n = 47) | P-valuesb | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ICAM-1 (ng/ml) | 170 (130–240) | 170 (130–290) | 0.58 |
| MCP-1(pg/ml) | 37 (12–95) | 39 (10–104) | 0.69 |
| TM (ng/ml) | 6.1 (2.7–30) | 5.2 (2.3–39) | 0.01 |
| vWF (µg/ml) | 18 (6.2–33) | 14 (6.9–34) | 0.01 |
| VEGF (pg/ml) | < LOD (< LOD–1500) | < LOD (< LOD–510) | 0.53 |
| b-FGF (pg/ml) | < LOD (LOD–13) | < LOD (< LOD–18) | 0.81 |
| HGF (pg/ml) | 180 (10–390) | 180 (67–290) | 0.11 |
| MMP-1 (ng/ml) | 3.7 (0.63–29) | 2.9 (0.60–11) | 0.09 |
| ET-1 (pg/ml) | 37 (< LOD–1800) | < LOD (< LOD–1700) | 0.23 |
| CGRP (pg/ml) | 94 (< LOD–3700) | < LOD (< LOD–1400) | < 0.001 |
| TRPA-1(ng/ml) | < LOD (< LOD– < LOD) | < LOD (< LOD–2.9) | 0.33 |
| HSP-27 (ng/ml) | 3.4 (1.3–16) | 2.8 (0.70–45) | 0.02 |
| GFAP (pg/ml) | < LOD (< LOD–3100) | < LOD (< LOD–2500) | 0.28 |
| MBP (ng/ml) | < LOD (< LOD–410) | < LOD (< LOD–180) | 0.09 |
| Caspase-3 (ng/ml) | 2.0 (1.0–61) | 1.6 (0.63–85) | 0.01 |
| Caspase-8 (ng/ml) | < LOD (< LOD–1.7) | < LOD (< LOD– < LOD) | 0.15 |
| Galanin (ng/ml) | 7.4 (0.73–36) | 6.5 (0.67–19) | 0.23 |
aIntercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) limit of detection (LOD), 0.002 ng/ml; monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), LOD 0.6 pg/ml; thrombomodulin (TM), LOD 0.63 ng/ml; von Willebrand factor (vWf) LOD, 0.025 µg/ml; vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) LOD, 23 pg/ml; basic fibroblast growth factor basic (b-FGF) LOD, 2 pg/ml; hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), LOD 20 pg/ml; matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1), LOD 45 ng/ml; endothelin 1 (Et-1), LOD 10 pg/ml; calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP), LOD 15 pg/ml; transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA-1), LOD 0.625 ng/ml; heat shock protein 27 (HSP-27), LOD 0.21 ng/ml; glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), LOD 31 pg/ml; myelin basic protein (MBP), LOD 0.16 ng/ml; caspase-3, LOD 0.041 ng/ml; caspase-8 LOD, 0.08 ng/ml; galanin LOD, 16 ng/ml.
Levels < LOD were assigned a value of half the LOD in the statistical analyses.
bMann-Whitney U test used for comparison of distributions between groups. P-values in boldface denote statistically significant differences.