Table 2.

Meta-regression model parameter estimates (SE) for validity measures of PPV, sensitivity and specificity

Variable	Validity measure
	PPV	Sensitivity			Specificity
	Parameter estimate (SE)	P-value	Parameter estimate (SE)	P-value	Parameter estimate (SE)	P-value
Data source
EMR	−0.076 (0.073)	0.304	0.251 (0.076)	0.001	−0.057 (0.054)	0.297
Administrative	Ref		Ref		Ref
Predictive model
Yes	−0.017 (0.076)	0.826	0.195 (0.069)	0.006	−0.094 (0.052)	0.078
No	Ref		Ref		Ref
Reference standard
Chart review/clinical data	0.095 (0.072)	0.198	0.086 (0.082)	0.297	−0.025 (0.059)	0.672
Self-report	Ref		Ref		Ref
Clinical population
Yes	0.108 (0.063)	0.144	−0.096 (0.081)	0.239	− 0.140 (0.058)	0.020
No	Ref		Ref		Ref
Study population age
Restricted	0.133(0.067)	0.054	−0.016(0.062)	0.793	0.035(0.045)	0.441
All ages	Ref		Ref		Ref
Country of data origin
US	−0.006(0.072)	0.937	− 0.083(0.079)	0.304	0.195(0.059)	0.002
non-US	Ref		Ref		Ref

Boldface font denotes a statistically significant estimate; EMR electronic medical record, SE standard error, PPV positive predictive value