Table 2.
Clinicopathological characteristics comparison according to the presence and subtypes of TLSs in NMIBC.
| Clinicopathological | TLSs+ | TLSs- | P | nGC TLS+ | GC TLS+ | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | (N = 151) | (N = 162) | (N = 113) | (N = 38) | ||
| Age/years | ||||||
| Median/range | 68/38-94 | 68/30-90 | .669a | 69/41-94 | 66.5/38-91 | .545a |
| Mean ± SD | 67.9 ± 10.2 | 68.4 ± 10.0 | 68.2 ± 9.9 | 67.0 ± 10.9 | ||
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 123(81.5) | 130(80.2) | .786 | 92(81.4) | 31(81.6) | .982 |
| Female | 28(18.5) | 32(19.8) | 21(18.6) | 7(18.4) | ||
| Tumor size/cm | ||||||
| Median/range | 3/0.2-8 | 3/0.3-10 | .733a | 3/0.2-8 | 3/0.5-7 | .132a |
| Mean ± SD | 3.0 ± 1.7 | 3.0 ± 1.8 | 2.9 ± 1.8 | 3.4 ± 1.4 | ||
| Tumor multiplicity | ||||||
| Single | 121(80.1) | 140(86.4) | .135 | 88(77.9) | 33(86.8) | .231 |
| Multiple | 30(19.9) | 22(13.6) | 25(22.1) | 5(13.2) | ||
| Histological subtype | ||||||
| IUC | 135(89.4) | 144(88.8) | .323 | 101(89.4) | 34(89.5) | 1.000 |
| IUC with divergent differentiation | 12(7.9) | 9(5.6) | 9(8.0) | 3(7.9) | ||
| IUC variants | 4(2.7) | 9(5.6) | 3(2.6) | 1(2.6) | ||
| Lymph node metastasis | ||||||
| Positive | 2(1.3) | 1(0.6) | .898 | 2(1.8) | 10(26.3) | 1.000 |
| Negative | 46(30.5) | 27(16.7) | 36(31.9) | 0 | ||
| Unknown | 103(68.2) | 134(82.7) | 75(66.3) | 28(73.7) | ||
| Perineural Invasion | ||||||
| Positive | 1(0.7) | 5(3.1) | .118 | 1(0.9) | 38(100.0) | 1.000 |
| Negative | 150(99.3) | 157(96.9) | 112(99.1) | 0 | ||
| LVI | ||||||
| Positive | 11(7.3) | 3(1.9) | .020 | 7(6.2) | 4(10.5) | .597 |
| Negative | 140(92.7) | 159(98.1) | 106(93.8) | 34(89.5) | ||
| TILs | ||||||
| Median/range | 25/5-85 | 5/1-55 | <.001 * | 20/5-70 | 40/10-60 | <.001 * |
| Mean ± SD | 26.9 ± 16.7 | 8.8 ± 9.7 | 22.9 ± 14.0 | 36.7 ± 15.8 | ||
| Ki-67 | ||||||
| Median/range | 40/2-80 | 30/1-90 | .171* | 40/2-80 | 35/5-85 | .609* |
| Mean ± SD | 39.8 ± 20.2 | 33.4 ± 25.7 | 40.5 ± 21.1 | 38.7 ± 18.4 | ||
| Unknown | 99 | 115 | 70 | 29 | ||
| Treatment method | ||||||
| TURBT | 4(2.6) | 7(4.3) | .014 | 3(2.7) | 1(2.6) | .503 |
| TURBT + IC | 29(19.2) | 49(30.2) | 24(21.2) | 5(13.2) | ||
| TURBT + BCG | 56(37.1) | 70(43.2) | 37(32.7) | 19(50.0) | ||
| PC + BCG | 2(1.3) | 2(1.3) | 2(1.8) | 0 | ||
| RCT | 13(8.6) | 7(4.3) | 10(8.9) | 3(7.9) | ||
| RCT + PLND | 47(31.1) | 27(16.7) | 37(32.7) | 10(26.3) | ||
| Resection status | ||||||
| R0 | 130(86.1) | 134(82.7) | .411 | 99(87.6) | 31(81.6) | .353 |
| R1 | 21(13.9) | 28(17.3) | 14(12.4) | 7(18.4) | ||
| R2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Prognostic events | ||||||
| With | 33(21.9) | 52(32.1) | .032 | 26(23.0) | 7(18.4) | .554 |
| Without | 118(78.1) | 107(66.0) | 87(77.0) | 31(81.6) | ||
| Unknown | 0 | 3(1.9) | 0 | 0 |
P value bolded: P < .05.
a t-Test; other testing methods are chi-square test.
Abbreviations: BCG: BCG intravesical immunotherapy; GC TLS: germinal center TLSs; IC: intravesical chemotherapy; IUC: Invasive urothelial carcinoma; LVI: lymphovascular invasion; nGC TLS: non-germinal center TLSs; NMIBC: non-muscle invasive bladder cancer; PC: partial cystectomy; PLND: pelvic lymph node dissection; RCT: radical cystectomy; TILs: tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes; TLSs: tertiary lymphoid structures; TURBT: transurethral resection of bladder tumor.