Table 5.
Comparison of Symptom Severity and Individual Symptom Endorsement by LOC History
| No LOC (n = 109) | 1 LOC (n = 72) | 2 + LOC (n = 67) | F/χ2 | p | η2/ϕ | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cognitive symptoms, M (SD) | 5.7a,b | 5.2 | 7.8a | 5.6 | 8.5b | 5.7 | 6.34 | .002 | .05 |
| Trouble remembering things, n (%) | 79 | 71.8% | 52 | 72.2% | 51 | 76.1% | 0.43 | .806 | .04 |
| Trouble concentrating, n (%) | 68 | 61.8% | 55 | 76.4% | 57 | 85.1% | 12.09 | .002 | .22 |
| Difficulty making decisions, n (%) | 62 | 56.4% | 50 | 69.4% | 44 | 65.7% | 3.54 | .170 | .12 |
| Mind going blank, n (%) | 64 | 58.2% | 49 | 68.1% | 54 | 80.6% | 9.52 | .009 | .20 |
| Something wrong with mind, n (%) | 41 | 37.3% | 34 | 47.2% | 39 | 58.2% | 7.44 | .024 | .17 |
| Physical symptoms, M (SD) | 6.5a,b | 3.9 | 8.3a | 4.4 | 9.8b | 4.8 | 12.92 | <.001 | .10 |
| Headaches and head pain, n (%) | 96 | 87.3% | 65 | 90.3% | 63 | 94.0% | 2.12 | .347 | .09 |
| Faintness or dizziness, n (%) | 41 | 37.3% | 35 | 48.6% | 36 | 53.7% | 5.10 | .078 | .14 |
| Nausea or upset stomach, n (%) | 67 | 60.9% | 50 | 69.4% | 48 | 71.6% | 2.60 | .272 | .10 |
| Numbness or tingling, n (%) | 46 | 41.8% | 43 | 59.7% | 41 | 61.2% | 8.56 | .014 | .19 |
| Trouble falling asleep, n (%) | 80 | 72.7% | 62 | 86.1% | 57 | 85.1% | 6.38 | .041 | .16 |
| Emotional symptoms, M (SD) | 7.3b | 4.9 | 8.8 | 5.3 | 9.7b | 5.9 | 4.83 | .009 | .04 |
| Nervousness or shakiness, n (%) | 75 | 68.2% | 58 | 80.6% | 58 | 86.6% | 8.72 | .013 | .19 |
| Easily annoyed or irritated, n (%) | 94 | 85.5% | 63 | 87.5% | 59 | 88.1% | 0.30 | .863 | .03 |
| Temper outbursts, n (%) | 51 | 46.4% | 40 | 55.6% | 38 | 56.7% | 2.36 | .308 | .10 |
| Feeling blue, n (%) | 82 | 74.5% | 59 | 81.9% | 51 | 76.1% | 1.40 | .496 | .08 |
| Feeling no interest in things, n (%) | 70 | 63.6% | 49 | 68.1% | 49 | 73.1% | 1.73 | .422 | .08 |
| Total symptoms, M (SD) | 19.4a,b | 11.8 | 24.9a | 14.0 | 28.1b | 14.4 | 9.61 | <.001 | .07 |
Levene's test for equality of variance was non-significant (p > .05) for all comparisons, with equal variance assumed for all subscale and total symptom comparisons. Post hoc comparisons after Bonferroni adjustment: aSignificant difference between No LOC and 1 LOC, bSignificant difference between No LOC and 2 + LOC. There were no significant differences between the 1 LOC and 2+ LOC groups. An individual symptom was considered endorsed if it was rated as 1 or greater on a 5-point scale (range: 0 to 4).
LOC, loss of consciousness; M, mean; SD, standard deviation.