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. 2023 Nov 24;5(1):24–33. doi: 10.1016/j.hroo.2023.11.015

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Bipolar ablation between LVOT and septal perforator vein. Patient with cardiac sarcoidosis presenting with incessant bigeminy and symptomatic with dyspnea. Activation mapping showed earliest activation at the first septal perforator vein (–20 ms pre-QRS). Unipolar ablation from the LVOT opposite the intramural catheter and from the earliest site within the perforator vein resulted in only transient PVC suppression. Bipolar ablation from LVOT to the septal vein achieved PVC elimination (distance between active catheter and return catheter measured at 13 mm). Abbreviations as in Figure 2.