Table 2.

Differences in the DASH score and related dietary components associated with each additional BP-lowering drug class among the 915 included participants with MetS-associated high BP^∗

Dietary components	β coefficient (95% CI) associated with each additional BP-lowering drug class	P value
DASH total score	–0.05 (–0.35, 0.26)	0.76
Whole grains
DASH subscore	–0.01 (–0.10, 0.09)	0.87
Servings per day	–0.01 (–0.07, 0.05)	0.98
Whole vegetables
DASH subscore	–0.03 (–0.11, 0.06)	0.49
Servings per day	–0.01 (–0.23, 0.20)	0.54
Whole fruits
DASH subscore	–0.05 (–0.14, 0.04)	0.27
Servings per day	–0.02 (–0.11, 0.07)	0.30
Low-fat dairy products
DASH subscore	0.10 (0.00, 0.19)	0.04
Servings per day	0.02 (–0.07, 0.11)	0.10
Red and processed meats
DASH subscore	0.02 (–0.06, 0.10)	0.60
Servings per day	0.01 (–0.03, 0.05)	0.85
Nuts and legumes
DASH subscore	–0.07 (–0.16, 0.02)	0.15
Servings per day	–0.04 (–0.08, 0.01)	0.11
Sugar-sweetened beverages
DASH subscore	–0.01 (–0.10, 0.09)	0.80
Servings per day	0.02 (–0.19, 0.23)	0.94
Sodium
DASH subscore	–0.01 (–0.06, 0.05)	0.55
mg per day	31.2 (–10.7, 73.1)	0.33

BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; CI, confidence interval; DASH, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension; MetS, metabolic syndrome.

^∗Data are presented as β coefficient (95% confidence interval), in DASH points or daily intakes, associated with each additional BP-lowering medication class (continuous variable). Models were adjusted for gender (men, women), age (years), annual household income (< $10,000; $10,000-$24,999; $25,000-$49,999; $50,000-$74,999; $75,000-$99,999; $100,000-$149,999; $150,000-$199,999; > $200,000), BMI (kg/m²), smoking status (never, ever, current), alcohol consumption (grams per day), energy intake (kcal per day), physical activity level (low/moderate/high) and self-reported history of high blood cholesterol (yes/no).