Table 2.

Some relevant clinical trials for AMI not involving MSCs.

Trial	Trial	Cell Type	Clinical Outcome Measures	Limitations	Reference
ENACT-AMI (Enhanced Angiogenic Cell Therapy - Acute Myocardial Infarction)	Randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled Phase 3 trial	Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs)	LV function and clinical events	Open-label design, relatively small sample size.	[168]
CAREMI (Cardiac Stem Cells in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction)	Phase I/II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled	Allogeneic cardiac stem cells (AlloCSC-01)	Safety and efficacy in STEMI patients	Small sample size (n=49), only valid conclusions regarding safety, no definitive evaluation of efficacy	[169]
CADUCEUS (CArdiosphere-Derived aUtologous stem CElls to reverse ventricUlar dySfunction)	Phase I/II, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial	Autologous cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs)	Scar size reduction, LV function improvement	The study population was limited to reperfused patients, the results may not be generalizable to other patient populations. The study did not include a placebo group. It did not assess the potential for adverse immune reactions to CDC therapy.	[22]