Table 1.
Maternal Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics at Study Enrolment
| Parameters | Global (n = 1159) | Intervention group (583) | Control group (576) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal age, years | 0.81 | |||
| Median (Min–Max) | 21 (14–40) | 21 (15–38) | 21 (14–40) | |
| Education levela | % (n = 1157) | (n = 582) | (n = 575) | 0.18 |
| Low | 53.5 (619) | 51.4 (299) | 55.7 (320) | |
| Mean | 27.8 (322) | 30.2 (176) | 25.3 (146) | |
| High | 18.7 (216) | 18.4 (107) | 19.0 (109) | |
| GA at inclusion (weeks) Median (Min, Max) | 12.6 (5.4–16.1) | 12.6 (5.4–16.0) | 13.0 (6.0–16.1) | 0.809 |
| History of alcohol use | 9.5 (110) | 10.2 (59) | 8.9 (51) | 0.46 |
| Cigarette smoking history | 0.4 (5) | 0.3 (2) | 0.5 (3) | 0.69 |
| SBP mm Hg | 107.05 ± 79 | 106.9 ± 97 | 0.79 | |
| DBP mm Hg | 67.32 ± 10 | 67.15 ± 79 | 0.73 | |
| Measurement of 25(OH)D at inclusion | 34.20 ± 11.9 | 35.61 ± 12.7 | 0.051 | |
| Ionised calcium at inclusion | 1.16 ± 0.16 | 1.19 ± 0.16 | 0.005 | |
aEducation: (low: none up to incomplete secondary level; mean: complete secondary and vocational training; high: complete or incomplete university