. 2024 Jan 20;10(3):e24874. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24874

Table 4.

Soil physicochemical property and nutrient availability as influenced by application of enriched amendments and chemical fertilizer.

Soil physicochemical properties		Treatments							ANOVA
Soil physicochemical properties		T₁: Control	T₂: FYM (5 t ha⁻¹)	T₃: ENC (2.5 t ha⁻¹)	T₄: ENC (5 t ha⁻¹)	T₅: BFM (2.5 t ha⁻¹)	T₆: BFM (5 t ha⁻¹)	T₇: CF	Treatment	Soil	Interaction
pH	S₁	7.96 ± 0.04^ab	7.70 ± 0.04^efg	7.91 ± 0.03^b	8.01 ± 0.05^a	7.79 ± 0.02^cd	7.82 ± 0.04^c	7.77 ± 0.03^cde	***	***	***
pH	S₂	7.63 ± 0.01^gh	7.57 ± 0.01^hi	7.67 ± 0.01^fg	7.75 ± 0.01^cdef	7.71 ± 0.03^defg	7.81 ± 0.01^c	7.53 ± 0.01ⁱ	***	***	***
EC (dSm⁻¹)	S₁	1.17 ± 0.02^de	1.13 ± 0.02^e	1.22 ± 0.02^cd	1.24 ± 0.02^bc	1.28 ± 0.02^b	1.37 ± 0.02^a	1.23 ± 0.03^bc	***	***	**
EC (dSm⁻¹)	S₂	0.30 ± 0.01^h	0.34 ± 0.01^gh	0.36 ± 0.01^fgh	0.37 ± 0.01^fg	0.39 ± 0.01^fg	0.41 ± 0.01^f	0.35 ± 0.01^gh	***	***	**
SOC (g kg⁻¹)	S₁	4.23 ± 0.03^e	4.58 ± 0.02^a	4.39 ± 0.02^c	4.50 ± 0.02^b	4.28 ± 0.02^d	4.37 ± 0.02^c	4.20 ± 0.02^e	***	***	***
SOC (g kg⁻¹)	S₂	2.96 ± 0.01^j	3.41 ± 0.01^e	3.26 ± 0.01^g	3.34 ± 0.02^f	3.12 ± 0.01ⁱ	3.20 ± 0.01^h	2.91 ± 0.01^j	***	***	***
Mineral N^a(mg kg⁻¹)	S₁	48.47 ± 1.64^cd	51.47 ± 1.82^bc	51.53 ± 1.17^bc	54.60 ± 1.62^ab	48.17 ± 2.20^cd	54.87 ± 1.28^ab	57.17 ± 1.56^a	***	***	NS
Mineral N^a(mg kg⁻¹)	S₂	37.37 ± 1.13^f	41.37 ± 0.98^ef	43.03 ± 0.83^e	45.10 ± 0.79^de	41.23 ± 0.84^ef	43.73 ± 0.75^e	48.50 ± 0.51^cd	***	***	NS
Available P (mg kg⁻¹)	S₁	11.23 ± 0.55g	13.53 ± 0.69^g	16.00 ± 0.93^f	17.77 ± 0.97^def	11.53 ± 0.69^g	13.57 ± 1.18^g	18.43 ± 1.04^de	***	***	NS
Available P (mg kg⁻¹)	S₂	16.57 ± 0.55^ef	19.87 ± 0.78^cd	21.57 ± 0.63^bc	23.70 ± 0.52^ab	16.87 ± 0.38^ef	18.80 ± 0.85^de	24.77 ± 0.29^a	***	***	NS
Available K (mg kg⁻¹)	S₁	188.57 ± 2.60^c	202.93 ± 2.88^b	208.33 ± 2.58^b	216.27 ± 3.78^a	218.13 ± 2.98^a	222.50 ± 2.82^a	223.30 ± 3.32^a	***	***	NS
Available K (mg kg⁻¹)	S₂	91.57 ± 1.10^h	105.27 ± 1.15^g	110.67 ± 0.90^fg	115.93 ± 1.47^ef	115.80 ± 1.16^ef	121.50 ± 1.69^de	124.97 ± 1.14^d	***	***	NS

FYM: Farmyard manure; ENC: Enriched compost; BFM: Biochar fortified mineral; CF: Chemical fertilizer; S₁: Slightly Saline soil and S₂: Non-saline soil; ANOVA: Analysis of variance; NS: Non-significant.

All the data are presented as mean values ± standard error of three independent experiments (n = 3).

*, ** and ***Significant at P < 0.05, P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively. Different letters within a same row indicate significant differences among treatments at p < 0.05 as per as per the Duncan multiple mean comparison test at 5 % significance.

Mineral N (NH₄⁺-N + NO₃⁻ –N).