Table 3.
Aquaporin, a biochemical marker in plants' adaptive response to various abiotic stress
| Stress | Plant | Analytical Technique | Family/Loci | Mechanisms/process | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heavy metal stress (Arsenic) | Glycine max L. | RNA-seq and RT-PCR | Not specified | Accumulation of AQP enhanced stress tolerance by facilitating the uptake of arsenic ions by the root and phytochelatin or conjugation by glutathione | Zeeshan et al. (2023) |
| Salinity | Phaseolus vulgaris L. | Western blot |
Family: PIP2;1 Locus: AGV54658 Family: PIP2;2 Locus: ABU94630 |
Redistribution and accumulation of AQP in the root cortex increases resilience against salt stress | Calvo-Polanco et al. (2014) |
| Cold | Oryza sativa L. | RNA-seq, qRT-PCR SDS -PAGE and Western blot |
Family: PIP 1;1 LOC4330248 Family:PIP2;1 LOC4343122 |
Downregulation of AQP proteins and decreased gene expression in the roots and shoots of the rice cultivars enhanced tolerance to cold by regulating water translocation within the tissues | Yu et al. (2006) |
| Drought | Vitis vinifera L. | qRT-PCR |
Family:PIP2;1 Locus: AGV54658 |
Accumulating AQP protein in the roots facilitates water transportation into the cells, reducing the adverse effect of increased transpiration | Koc et al. (2017) |
| Salinity | Camelina sativa L. | SDS-PAGE and Western blot |
Family: PIP2;1 LOC104791606 |
A decrease in the tissue’s expression of aquaporin genes lowers water conductance, thereby enhancing stress tolerance | Kim et al. (2019) |
| Drought | Solanum lycopersicum L. | 1-D Electrophoresis and Immunoblotting |
Family: PIP1;3 Locus: PIP1-3 Family: PIP1;4 Locus: PIP1-4 |
Aquaporin accumulation in leaves promotes effective water transport within plant cells and maintains hydraulic conductivity | Conti et al. (2022) |
| Heat | Glycine max L. | RT-PCR |
Family: PIP1;1 Locus: PIP1-1 |
Differential expression of aquaporin in soybean tissues enhanced heat tolerance by regulating thermos-tolerance | Feng et al. (2019) |
| Drought | Oryza sativa L. cv. Xiushui 63) and (Oryza sativa L. cv. Zhonghan 3) | Western blot and RT-PCR |
Family:PIP1;2 LOC9270874 Family: PIP1;3 LOC4331194 Family: OsPIP2;1 LOC4343122 |
The upregulation of the AQP gene and its corresponding protein in leaves and roots enhances water permeability and movement across the cellular membrane | Lian et al. (2006) |