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. 2024 Jan 22;11:1342388. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1342388

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© 2024 Langhi, Vallier, Bron, Otero, Maura, Le Joubioux, Blomberg, Giera, Guigas, Maugard, Chassaing, Peltier, Blanquet-Diot, Bard and Sirvent.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effect of Totum-070 on intestinal lipid metabolism. (A) Total lipid content in feces (n = 5 per group). (B) Quantification of different lipid classes in feces. CE, cholesterol ester; CER, ceramides; DAG, diacylglycerides; DCER, dihydroceramides; FFA, free fatty acids; HCER, hexosylceramides; LPC, lysophosphatidylcholine; LPE, lysophosphatidylethanolamine; PC, phosphatidylcholine; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; SM, sphingomyelin; and TG, triacylglycerides. (C,D) Relative expression of selected genes implicated in cholesterol and lipoprotein metabolism in jejunum (C), and ileum samples (D) (n = 14 samples per tissue and per group). (E) Quantification of different bile acid classes in feces (n = 5 per group). αMCA, α-muricholic acid; βMCA, β-muricholic acid; CA, cholic acid; UDCA, ursodeoxycholic acid; HDCA, hyodeoxycholic acid; DCA, deoxycholic acid. (F) Inhibition of lipase activity by Totum-070, n = 4–11 replicates. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 and ****p < 0.0001 vs. ND. #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01, ###p < 0.001 and ####p < 0.0001 Totum-070 (T070) groups vs. WD. Data are the mean ± SEM.